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FA04 (S2) Environmental Science. Ms. Phillips. The water cycle is the ____. the evaporation of water from Earth’s surface distribution of drinking water on Earth the recycling of water after industrial use unending circulation of Earth’s water supply none of the above. Answer:
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FA04 (S2)Environmental Science Ms. Phillips
The water cycle is the ____. • the evaporation of water from Earth’s surface • distribution of drinking water on Earth • the recycling of water after industrial use • unending circulation of Earth’s water supply • none of the above Answer: unending circulation of Earth’s water supply
Plants release water into the atmosphere through a process called ____. • infiltration • precipitation • evaporation • transpiration • all of the above Answer: transpiration
The average annual precipitation worldwide must equal the quantity of water ____. • locked in glaciers • evaporated • infiltrated • transpired • all of the above Answer: evaporated
The ability of a stream to erode and transport material depends largely on its ____. • density • length • width • velocity • all of the above Answer: velocity
A natural levee is ____. • an erosional feature perpendicular to the stream channel • an erosional feature parallel to the stream channel • a depositional feature parallel to the stream channel • a depositional feature perpendicular to the stream channel • all of the above Answer: a depositional feature parallel to the stream channel
A floodplain forms where a stream ____. • cuts mainly side to side • cuts downward rapidly • carries no bed load • is far above its base level • none of the above Answer: cuts mainly side to side
One major cause of floods is ____. • light rain over a large area • a decrease in stream discharge • increased capacity of stream channels • rapid spring snow melt • all of the above Answer: rapid spring snow melt
Groundwater is found underground in the zone of ____. • saturation • aeration • soil • sediment • none of the above Answer: saturation
Which of the following is a measure of a material’s ability to transmit fluids through interconnected pore spaces? • porosity • competence • permeability • capacity • all of the above Answer: permeability
Springs form where ____. • groundwater sinks into the soil • there is no water table • flooding makes streams overflow their banks • the water table intersects the ground surface • none of the above Answer: the water table intersects the ground surface
When groundwater enters underground fractures or caverns in hot igneous rocks, where it is heated to boiling temperatures, what feature can form? • aquitard • sinkhole • geyser • spring • all of the above Answer: geyser
Which of the following is NOT a major source of groundwater pollution? • compost • pesticides • sewage • industrial chemicals • none of the above Answer: compost
A thick ice mass that forms over the land from the accumulation, compaction, and recrystallization of snow is a _____________. • drumlin • cirque • fjord • glacier • all of the above Answer: glacier
Currently, about what percent of Earth’s land surface is covered by glaciers? • 70% • 110% • 10% • 25% • 40% Answer: 10%
Which of the following is NOT true about glaciers? • They show evidence of past or present flow. • They form from the recrystallization of snow. • They originate on land. • They exist only in the Northern Hemisphere. • all of the above Answer: They exist only in the Northern Hemisphere.
During the most recent ice age, what percentage of Earth’s surface was covered by glaciers? • 10% • 30% • 75% • 90% • all of the above • Answer: • 30%
Which of the following features was formed by glacial erosion? • Navajo Lake • the Mississippi River • the Missouri River • the Great Lakes • the Basin and Range Answer: the Great Lakes
What force causes most of the erosion in desert areas? • fire • running water • gravity • ice • wind Answer: running water
Why can a heavy rain shower cause a large amount of erosion in a desert area? • There is a lack of vegetation to hold the soil in place. • Lizards don’t like water • Temperatures are very high. • Streams overflow easily. • Desert ground cannot absorb any water. Answer: There is a lack of vegetation to hold the soil in place.
What is the main type of weathering in deserts? • weathering by water • chemical weathering • weathering by organic acids • physical weathering • all of the above Answer: physical weathering
Abrasion changes the desert surface by ____. • creating pinnacles and narrow pedestals in the rock • creating blowouts • cutting and polishing exposed rock surfaces • depositing loess across the landscape • all of the above Answer: cutting and polishing exposed rock surfaces
Deflation affected the Dust Bowl in the 1930sby ____. • lowering the land • depositing coarse sand and gravel • building up sand dunes • creating rock pinnacles • all of the above Answer: lowering the land
Windblown silt that blankets a landscape is called ____. • loess • a blowout • desert pavement • a sand dune • none of the above Answer: loess
Over time, sand dunes tend to migrate ____. • in random directions • in the same direction as the wind blows • toward the wind • perpendicular to the movement of the wind • all of the above • Answer: • in the same direction as the wind blows
What is the salinity of seawater? • 75 percent • 10 percent • 5.5 percent • 3.5 percent • 1.5 percent Answer: 3.5 percent
Ocean salinity is usually expressed in ____. • chemical formulas • parts per thousand • love letters • parts per billion • charts Answer: parts per thousand
In addition to salinity, what factor affects the density of seawater? • boat size • latitude • temperature • depth • salt content • Answer: • temperature
Organisms that drift with ocean currents are called ____. • plankton • hitchhikers • benthos • nekton • photic Answer: plankton
What term describes organisms that live on or in the ocean floor? • pelagic • iguanas • benthos • nekton • plankton Answer: benthos
Marine organisms are classified according to how they ____. • live and move • move • live • eat • communicate Answer: live and move
How do animals survive in the deeper parts of the seafloor? • they vacation • They feed at the surface. • They photosynthesize. • They feed on each other. • none of the above Answer: They feed on each other.
Which ocean zone does sunlight penetrate? • time zone • neritic zone • aphotic zone • abyssal zone • photic zone Answer: photic zone
How is chemical energy transferred from algae to marine animals? • feeding • reproducing • swimming • none of the above • all of the above Answer: feeding
Which animal would have the greatest chance of survival? • one that ate a wide variety of prey • one that fed through a food chain • one that fed through a food web • both a and c • none of the above • Answer: • one that ate a wide variety of prey and one that fed through a food web • both a and c
Because of the Coriolis effect, ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere are deflected to the __________. • north • south • left • right • all of the above Answer: right
Ocean currents that move toward the poles are ____. • cold • cold in the Northern Hemisphere and warm in the Southern Hemisphere • warm • warm in the Northern Hemisphere and cold in the Southern Hemisphere • none of the above • Answer: • warm
What is true about an ocean current that is moving toward the equator? • It is cold. • It is slow. • It is warm. • It is fast. • none of the above • Answer: • It is cold.
Which of the following is visible evidence of energy passing through water? • density tide • Coriolis effect • sea arch • wave • all of the above • Answer: • wave
The smallest daily tidal range occurs during which type of tide? • ebb tide • spring tide • neap tide • flood tide • none of the above Answer: neap tide
Which of the following is a tidal current? • neap tide • flood tide • spring tide • both a and c • none of the above • Answer: • both a and c
The accumulation of sediment found along the shore of a lake or ocean is called a ____. • dust bowl • neap tide • sea arch • longshorecurrent • beach Answer: beach
Wave impact and pressure cause ___________. • irritability • refraction • deposition • tides • erosion Answer: erosion
Waves in shallow water become bent and begin to run parallel to shore, a process known as ____. • relocation • oscillation • refraction • erosion • reflection Answer: refraction
Which of the following is a landform created by wave erosion? • breakwater • estuary • bomb shelter • tombolo • sea arch Answer: sea arch
Global winds move warm air toward the ____. • oceans • parking lot • equator • atmosphere • poles Answer: poles
What do plants release into the air during transpiration? • water vapor • insects • carbon dioxide • complex sugars • pollen Answer: water vapor
Which type of climate has no winters? • highland • dry • polar • humid tropical • none of the above Answer: humid tropical
Where are dry-summer tropical climates found in the United States? • Vermont • California • Texas • Arizona • Utah Answer: California
In dry climates, rates of evaporation exceed ____. • average temperatures • rates of precipitation • number of sunny days • rates of condensation • all of the above Answer: rates of precipitation