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State Technical Meeting. February 14, 2013. agenda. Ag Water Quality Plans Nutrient Management Plans Options for producers. KY Agriculture Water Quality Act. 10+ acres in agriculture or forestry must develop a water quality plan
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State Technical Meeting February 14, 2013
agenda • Ag Water Quality Plans • Nutrient Management Plans • Options for producers
KY Agriculture Water Quality Act • 10+ acres in agriculture or forestry must develop a water quality plan • Anyone applying for cost share needs a water quality plan • Kentucky Soil Erosion and Water Quality Cost Share Program (State cost share) • NRCS Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) • GOAP County Ag Investment Program (CAIP)
Livestock BMP #11/Crops BMP #14 Nutrient Management • Monitor soil fertility, so that crop needs are met while minimizing the loss of nutrients. • Provide the crop with the correct amount of nutrients at the optimum time and location possible so they are utilized efficiently. • Limit the amount of plant nutrients lost to leaching, runoff, volatilization.
AWQP Minimum Requirements • Comply with NRCS Code 590 (2001) unless required by federal program participation, which requires NRCS Code 590 (2013). • Manage manure in a manner that prevents degradation of water, soil, air, and that protects public health and safety. • Sufficient land must be available for a disposal area without overloading soils or exceeding crop requirements. • Minimize edge-of-field delivery of nutrients where no setbacks are required.
Nutrient Management Who needs what? • KY NRCS 590-based CNMPs are for: • Those AFOs that produce animal waste. • They do not necessarily have to land apply it • Example: Some poultry operations produce and export all the litter • Operations receiving technical assistance and/or cost share from NRCS for nutrient management or require practices to manage animal waste. *Can be used to obtain a KY Division of Water permit (KNDOP) • KY NRCS 590-based NMPs are for: • Land application of commercial fertilizers, and other nutrient sources that are not produced on the farm • Receiving technical assistance and/or cost share from NRCS for nutrient management or apply inorganic or organic fertilizers and don’t have livestock Who writes these? • NRCS Technical Service Providers (TSPs) write CNMPs • NRCS employees can write NMPs
Bottom line • The KY NRCS 590-based CNMP is very complicated to develop. • As a result, the AWQA has added another option for developing NMPs • KY producers can still use the NRCS code 590 (2001) practice standard. • Meanwhile we are working on the KyNMP document.
Nutrient Management Who needs what? • KyNMP • Need a nutrient management plan to comply with the KY Ag Water Quality Act • Need an FSA loan *Can be used to obtain a KY Division of Water permit (KNDOP) Who could write these? • Producers can write their own, fee-for-service planners, Conservation District Employees, etc.
Nutrient Management Plan Development
KyNMP (2013) Recent Soil Sample collected within the Last Year
Spring • BEST time to spread manure • Will lose less N and have the most nutrients available for plant growth • Do not apply to cool-season forages in Spring • Could increase N loss and weed competition
Summer • Greatest risk of N loss through ammonia volatilization • Warm-season hay • Bermudagrassand Sudangrass
Fall • Cool-season pasture and hay fields benefit from Fall applications of manure • Nutrient removal is low • STP testing to avoid going over P threshold • Cover crops • Manure should not be applied in Fall on fields without a cover crop
Winter • Application opportunities are limited • Storage capacity should be large enough to hold until Spring • Manure should not be applied in Winter on fields without a cover crop • Do NOT apply to snow covered or frozen fields
Summary • Similar concept as in 590 (2001/2013) • Inventory nutrients available (manures) • Determine crop needs • Distribute nutrients so that crop needs are met without overloading soils • Producer can write his/her own plan • Benefit = better understanding of their operation and nutrient management concepts • Adaptive management can improve efficiency, production, and economic returns
P Index Estimates Average Annual P Delivery County Soil Type Soil Type Soil Test P and Organic Matter Field Slope Contour and filter practices Field Slope Length Tillage Rotation crops and yields Field Manure Applications Stream P Fertilizer Applications Downfield Slope to Surface Water Distance to Surface Water County New Phosphorus Index Kentucky Nitrogen and Phosphorus Index Proposed release date: January, 2013
New P-Index risk score if field is 30 feet from water body Scenario: Corn silage 22 Tons; Winter wheat 55 Bushels Dry dairy manure 25 Tons/acre applied , incorporated