BENZENE GPS Safety Summary

1. BENZENE GPS SafetySummary • TAIEX WORKSHOPINCOLLABORATIONWITH CEFIC AND ICCA:: GPS RISK ASSESSMENT AND REACH/GHS IMPLEMENTATION IN PRACTICE TRAIN THE TRAINERS • Montenegro, Podgorica , October 27, 28 2011 Dara Skorupan

2. GPS SafetySummary - BENZENE Substance name: Benzene Trade name: Benzene Chemical Identity Chemical name (IUPAC): Benzene CAS number: 71-43-2 EC number: 200-753-7 Molecular formula: C6H6 • Structure: • Three common print structural representation of benzene rings

3. Uses and applications It is used as solvent or as raw material for the production of other substances. Benzene is not soldfor direct consumer use, but it is used in various industries for production of goods that we all use everyday: clothing, packaging, paints, adhesives, unbreakable windows, plywood, computer casings, compact discs, dyes, detergents, agrochemicals (insecticides, herbicides, pesticides), pharmaceuticals, tires, rubber, printing industry and many more. drugs paints tires Shoe Assembly Adhesives detergents

4. Physical/chemical properties Benzene is a clear, colorless, volatile liquid with a characteristic sweet aromaticsmell. Benzene is a chemical that evaporates quickly under normal atmospheric conditions.

5. HealthEffects Human Health Safety Assessment CONSUMERS: Consumers- end usersgenerally not come into contact with harmful levels of benzene as the substance is only used at low concentrations or it is completely converted into non-hazardous substances in final products.

6. Health Effects Human Health Safety Assessment CONSUMERS: - Exposure can occur in the various industrial or manufacturing facilities that use benzene as solvent or raw material, and refinery products which contain benzene (asphalt, petrol). -Risk on a daily basis: printing industry: ink for printing,products used for cleaning and maintaining printing equipment. painting: products such as base and top coat paints, lacquers, spray paints, sealers and stains. production of tires and rubber footwearproduction: adhesives used to attach soles to shoes contain benzene roofing and paving industry: use of hot asphalt - Ata higher risk of complications from inhaling benzene fumes on a daily basis: professional painters , people who work in the printing industry and auto body repair shops, workers in roofing and paving industry

7. Health Effects Human Health Safety Assessment WORKERS: Occupational exposureto benzene is expected to be low because benzene and products which contain benzene are typically manufactured, processed,stored, transported, and used in closed systems with low potential of release. - Exposure of workers may occur through inhlation and dermal contact at the workplace where benzene or benzene contained products are produced or used. - In the work environment, the occupational exposure limit for benzene is max. 1 ppm (3 mg/m3) over 8-hours of work. At higher risk of benzene exposure : workers who clean benzene andgasoline tanksin manufacturing facilities, workers at petrol Stations and laboratory technicians

8. Health Effects

9. EnvironmentalEffects Environment Safety Assessment When spilled in water, benzeneevaporates rapidly because it is very volatile andslightly soluble in water. Benzene rapidly biogrades in water. Benzene present in the soil surface evaporates rapidly. The fraction that is not volatilized shows high mobility in soil and may be leached to groundwater. In aerobic conditions, benzene biodegrades in soil.

10. Exposure • Humanhealth • The most likely route of human exposure to benzene is through inhalation or dermal contact in benzene manufacturing facilities or the industrial facilities. • Since these types of activities are mainly undertaken in closed systems, exposure is fairly low. • The most critical inhalative and dermal exposure scenariosfor benzene • and associated health risks are for workers who clean benzene and • gasoline tanksin manufacturing facilities . • - High worker exposures are likely in industrial or professional applications • of end products containing benzene (paints, coatings, cleaning agents, asphalt). • - To some extent, consumer exposure can also occur as a result of use of paints, varnishes, cleaners containing benzene. • - The exposure of consumers to benzene in other end products is at safe levels.

11. Environment • In industrial, professional and consumer uses, releases to the environment occur mostly to the air, while emissions to the water are much lower. • In the environmental risk assessment benzene was assessed as safe enoughfor the environment during all stages of manufacture, industrial and consumer uses, and has no environmental classification. • Exposure

12. Risk Management Recommendations Protection Eye/Face Protection: use safety glasses Skin Protection: use protective clothing chemically resistant to this material and anti-static safety shoes. Hand Protection: use appropriate chemical resistant gloves Respiratory Protection:A respirator is not needed under normal and intended conditions of product use.If needed use breathing apparatus. Ingestion: Use good personal hygiene. Do not consume or store food in the work area. Do not eat, drink, or smoke where chemicals are handled, processed, or stored. Wash hands before smoking, eatingor drinking. Wash hands and skin following contact. If swallowed, rinse mouth with water (only if the person is conscious), give nothing to drink and do not induce vomiting (risk of pulmonary aspiration).

13. Risk ManagementRecommendations • Engineering Controls • Use adequate ventilation.- Use explosion-proof ventilation equipment • Keep away from sources of ignition (hot surfaces, flames, electrostatic charges or sparks, smoking) • Use explosion proof electrical equipment, all conductive materials must be electrically earthed(risk of explosive atmosphere). • Take precautionary measures against static discharge during blending and transfer operations - Do not use air for transfers. • Avoid producing or diffusing fumes, vapour or spray into the air - The vapour is heavier than air and explosive mixtures can accumulate in low spots. • Environmental precautions:installations must be designed to avoid accidental spill on soil and water. Avoid discharge of the material in a stream or a sewerage system. • Control measures including equipment design and producthandling procedures must be established to minimize the exposure potential to workers, community and the environment. • - provide monitoring of benzene concentration in the air in the work environment

14. Classification and labeling of benzene according to CLP / GHS: • CLP • Flammable liquid Category 2 • Skin corrosion/irritation: skin irritation • Category 2 • Serious damage/eye irritation: eye irritation Category 2 • Aspiration hazard:aspiration toxicity • Category 1 • mutagenic Category 1B • carcinogenic Category 1A • organ toxicity – repeated:rep. exp. cat. 1 • for environmental hazards - no classification Hazard statements H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H340 May cause genetic defects H350 May cause cancer H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure Highly flammable Toxic GHS02GHS08 GHS07

15. State Agency Review This substance has been registered under REACH in the EU. Notice This product safety assessment is intended to give general information about the chemical (or categories of chemicals) addressed. It is not intended to provide an in-depth discussion of health and safety information. Additional information is available through the relevant Safety Data Sheet, which should be consulted before use of the chemical. This product safety assessment does not supply or replace required regulatory and/or legal communication documents such as the Safety Data Sheet. All information contained herein is presented on an ’as is’ basis and state of technology as per the issue date. Contact Information within company www.ecoprotexi.rs http://www.icca-chem.org/en/Home/ICCA-initiatives/global-product-strategy/

16. Glossary Acute toxicity Harmful effect resulting from a single or short term exposure to a substance Biodegradation Decomposition or breakdown of a substance under natural conditions (actions of micro organisms etc) Bioaccumulation Progressive accumulation in living organisms of a chemical substance present in the environment Carcinogenicity Substance effects causing cancer Chronic toxicity Harmful effect after repeated exposures or long term exposure to a substance Clastogenicity Substance effect that causes breaks in chromosomes Embryotoxicity Harmful effect on fetal health Flash point The lowest temperature at which vapor of the substance may form an ignitable mixture with air Genotoxicity Substance effect that causes damage to genes, including Mutagenicity and clastogenicity GHS Global Harmonized System of chemicals classification Hazard Inherent substance property bearing a threat to health or environment Mutagenicity Substance effect that cause mutation on genes Persistence Refers to the length of time a compound stays in the environment, once introduced Reprotoxicity Including teratogenicity, embryotoxicity and harmful effects on fertility SensitisingAllergenic Sediment Topsoil, sand and minerals washed from land into water formingin the end a layer at the bottom of rivers and sea TeratogenicSubstance effect on foetal morphology Vapor pressure A measure of a substance’s property to evaporate Volatile Any substance that evaporates readily

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