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Soil and water resources

Soil and water resources. Certified farms are actively involved in long-term conservation of soil and water resources. Why Consider Long Term Site Productivity?. It is Basic Increasing costs from problems with insects and diseases over time.

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Soil and water resources

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  1. Soil and water resources • Certified farms are actively involved in long-term conservation of soil and water resources

  2. Why Consider Long Term Site Productivity? • It is Basic • Increasing costs from problems with insects and diseases over time. • Need to stay competitive with other CT growing regions. First rotation field

  3. 2003 Productivity Study First Rotation D. Fir Third Rotation D. Fir

  4. Types of Analyses Done • pH • Nutrients • Soil carbon • Atrazine/Velpar residues • Aggregate stability • Soil density

  5. Soil surface lacks good structure

  6. Compaction on Christmas Tree Sites

  7. Study Summary for Physical Properties • No widespread decline in physical properties for all sites examined. • Some sites need treatment now. • Other sites have already been restored by tillage, cover crops, or other means.

  8. Physical Properties and Erosion • Loss in aggregate stability and\or increasing compaction can lead to erosion of surface soil.

  9. Erosion- Poor Drainage or Concentration

  10. Soil Erosion and PNW Climate • Most erosion occurs during rain “events” during the fall and winter. • Overland flow of water is the main culprit.

  11. Loss of surface soil layer

  12. Soil Erosion Following Harvest Rototilled Site Erosion After Storm Event

  13. Treatment Strategies • Rest between planting • Plant grass cover crop • Barriers • Incorporate organic material • Don’t rip/till when wet • Minimize traffic • Deep ripping/tillage

  14. Why Aggregate Stability Might Drop? • Excessive tillage/traffic • Erosion • Loss of organic matter

  15. ADVANTAGES OF SOIL TILLAGE • Useful when compaction is unavoidable • Can treat existing compacted area • Can yield other site preparation benefits • Costs may be reasonable & justifiable

  16. Winged Subsoilers shank & tine mounting & design vary

  17. Add wings, loosen more soil

  18. Deep Ripping Between Rotations

  19. Mulches

  20. Straw bales

  21. Cover Crops

  22. Fourth rotation field

  23. There are many options

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