The Metadata "Crisis": Choosing a Way Forward for your Enterprise f

1. The Metadata "Crisis": Choosing a Way Forward for your Enterprise f Bruce Westcott, Geospatial Metadata Consultant

2. Presentation Overview • What is standardized geospatial metadata and Who cares? • What are actual workflowsentailed in enterprise metadata maintenance and deployment? • What’s your business casefor metadata investment? • Perform an ROIanalysis of your investment.

3. What is Standardized Geospatial Metadata? Knowledge about: • The Identity of the Spatial Data • Spatial & temporal extent • Quality: precision, accuracy, etc. • Spatial reference • Attribute meaning and accuracy • Distribution and liabilities

4. How well do you really know your data?

5. How well do you really know your data? What’s the data format and projection? Who created the data? When? What are the attribute and their code lists? Why? How did they use it? Where can I get a copy or browse it on the Web? Am I limited in using it? What will it cost? How accurate is it? Who says? How do they know?

6. What is Geospatial Metadata? • Metadatais “information about the identification, the extent, the quality, the spatial and temporal schema, spatial reference, and distribution of digital geographic data [or services].” • ISO-standardized metadata provides a structure for describing digital geographic data” . . .so that users can ”locate, access, evaluate, purchase, and utilize geographic data” . . .and ”determine whether the data in a holding will be of use to them.” • Source: ISO-19115 – Geographic Information – Metadata

7. Map Metadata (non-Digital) Series name Location Characteristics Distribution Information Scale Date

8. Map Metadata (Digital) • Digital metadata: • has many of the same elements as traditional map metadata, • is standardized as to content and format, • is stored and/or transmitted in XML or a database, • is searchable – just like you’d expect with a card file index of paper maps, and • Digital metadata can link to the data/services it describes, and can link to other metadata resources (images, tables, etc.)

9. Metadata Catalog Service

10. Process model: Metadata creation, maintenance, service provision and use

11. Key Metadata Catalog Workflows • Catalog Content Management • Metadata Discovery & Interrogation • Web-based Publication of Catalogs

12. Workflow #1 – Catalog Content Management • Enterprise requirements: • Build searchable catalog(s) • Data development: Define workflows to automatically generate metadata • Data acquisition: Define workflows to import metadata • Maintain catalog records “in synch” with geospatial data assets

13. Workflow #1 – Catalog Content Management

14. Workflow #2 – Metadata Discovery & Interrogation Enterprise requirements: • Provide data users with tools to search enterprise catalog(s) • Both from desktop applications. . . and • On the Web (OGC Catalogue Specification

15. Workflow #2 – Metadata Discovery & Interrogation

16. Workflow #3 – Web-based Publication of Catalogs

17. Workflow #3 – Web-based Publication of Catalogs

18. Metadata. . . . • Why bother?

19. Business drivers for investing in Geospatial Metadata -- Internal • Support efficient use of data • Reduce costs: same data in multiple projects and multiple software platforms • Support easyre-useof data • Improve ROI across the enterprise over time

20. Business drivers for investing in Geospatial Metadata -- External • Reduce cost/risk of sharing data with customers/partners (benefit for producer) • Support efficient data use by external customers/partners (benefit for consumer) • Comply with metadata and catalog standards(OGC, ISO) • Meet catalogue publication mandate for government agencies & G2G partners: • NSDI (US), • CGDI (Canada), • INSPIRE (Europe)

21. Net Benefits of Metadata • For data publishers: Metadata makes data sharing: • Easier and cheaper – for creator and customer • Less risky. • For all enterprises: Metadata reduces the cost of losing information about spatial data assets, thereby • increasing the usability of those assets over time, and • Sustaining the value of the spatial data assets.

22. Return on Investment • How do you know if your investment in metadata is a sound strategy for your enterprise?

23. Key Factors in ROI • Breadth -- “How many people will metadata availability impact?” • Frequency -- “How many times a day will they access metadata?” • Cost/Benefit -- “Is this a costly effort? Are there significant obvious benefits?” • Collaboration -- “Will employees need to collaborate, or change their workflows?” • Knowledge -- “Can I reuse the information I create?”

24. Standard ROI Process Identify • Top areas of real benefit • Impact within enterprise • Consumers • Producers • Other Stakeholders Quantify • Total Cost of Ownership • Measure benefit areas • Confirm values - Survey - Direct observation - Estimate • Get benefit buy-in Assess - Calculate Metrics • Reconfirm values • Perform sensitivity analysis • Assess expected case/worst case • Evaluate Periodically FinancialResults Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

25. Standard ROI Methodology Benefit Model Cost Model • User Productivity • Reduced Support Costs • Process Integration • Information Reuse • Improved Content and Increased Usage • Reduced Information Redundancy • Other Business Benefits • Future [Unknown] Benefits • Infrastructure Costs • Training and Education • Application Software • Consulting and Personnel • Ongoing Operations • Integration and Process Changes • Organizational Changes • Communications Calculating Costs is Generally the Easier of the Two Activities

26. Sample Approach to ROI Balanced Score Card Area User Perspective Financial Perspective Internal Processes Future Perspective Service Effect Costs Turn Around Education Category Information Content Resources - Human Up Time Staff Retention Personal Control Resources - Physical Quality Utilization of XML

27. Sample Approach to ROI Balanced Score Card Area User Perspective Financial Perspective Internal Processes Future Perspective Service Effect Costs Turn Around Education Category Information Content Resources - Human Up Time Staff Retention Personal Control Resources - Physical Quality Utilization of XML Survey Results Budget Response Time Training Usability Assessment Staff Size Engagement Time Turnover Page Views Staff Experience Assets / Resource Breaking New Ground Measurements Collected Feedback Economies of Scale Time Available Expanded Scope Complaints Data Errors White Papers # of Subscribers # of Suppliers

28. Example ROI Model Benefit 1 Increase in Productivity Number of Employees in the Enterprise Average Employee Salary Employee Costs Per Year 310 $50,000 $15,500,000 Portion of Employees whose workflows will be Impacted Increase in Productivity by Implementing Metadata Productivity Savings Per Year 60% 2% $186,000 Benefit 2 Service Efficiency Increase Number of Customer Service Calls / Month Average Cost Per Call Total Costs Per Year 3,000 $60 $2,160,000 Increase in Productivity by Implementing Metadata Service Cost Savings Per Year 10% $216,000 The sum of all benefits will be the total quantifiable benefits used in the ROI calculations.

29. Sample ROI Calculations Description Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 CostsCapital Investment Expense Costs -$500,000-$50,000 $0-$60,000 $0-$60,000 $0-$75,000 $0-$75,000 BenefitsProductivity Increases Service Efficiency Gains Avoiding penalties from Regulations $75,000$50,000$25,000 $90,000$62,500$25,000 $95,000$69,500$25,000 $95,000$78,500$25,000 $105,000$98,000$25,000 Net Cash Flow $-400,000 $117,500 $129,500 $123,500 $153,000 Net Present Value $58,970 Time Value of (Benefits Minus Costs.) Assumptions: Cost of Capital: 5.0% ROI 15.06% (Benefits – Costs)/Costs Payback Period 4.24 Years until Cumulative Benefits exceed Cumulative Costs Other Metrics: Internal Rate of Return Alternative ROI Models

30. Should You Invest in Metadata? UnpredictableBenefits IntangibleBenefits Dollars IndirectlyQuantifiableBenefits QuantifiableBenefits

31. Should You Invest in Metadata? UnpredictableBenefits IntangibleBenefits Dollars Definitely IndirectlyQuantifiableBenefits Costs QuantifiableBenefits

32. Should You Invest in Metadata? UnpredictableBenefits Possibly IntangibleBenefits Dollars Costs Definitely IndirectlyQuantifiableBenefits Costs QuantifiableBenefits

33. Should You Invest in Metadata? UnpredictableBenefits No, More Research Required Possibly Costs IntangibleBenefits Dollars Costs Definitely IndirectlyQuantifiableBenefits Costs QuantifiableBenefits

34. So What Did He Say. . . .? • Geospatial metadata is information that enables users of your spatial data assets to locate, access, evaluate, purchase,andutilize geographic data, [and] determine whether the data in a holding will be of use to them. • An effective metadata strategy requires support for 3 key workflows in most enterprises: • Metadata Catalog Content Management, • Metadata Discovery & Interrogation, and • Web-based Publicationof Catalogs

35. So What Did He Say. . . .? • You can project the Net Benefits for your Enterprise: • Actual and speculative costs and risks, • Quantifiable and less tangible benefits • Net Benefits = Discounted stream of (Benefits – Costs) • Return on Investment • Compute cash flows, NPV, IRR, payback period • Alternative models? • Estimate likely outcomes, best and worst case. Define periodic evaluation procedure.

36. Have a Great Rocket City Geospatial Conference! Bruce Westcott, Geospatial Metadata Consultant bwestcot@ingr.com