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Theory X & Theory Y Douglas McGregor Theory Z William Ouchi

Theory X & Theory Y Douglas McGregor Theory Z William Ouchi. Theory X Authoritarian Management Style The Assumptions. The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if he/she can Most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organizational goals

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Theory X & Theory Y Douglas McGregor Theory Z William Ouchi

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  1. Theory X & Theory YDouglas McGregorTheory ZWilliam Ouchi Johns Hopkins University School of Professional Studies in Business and Education 2006

  2. Theory X Authoritarian Management StyleThe Assumptions • The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if he/she can • Most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organizational goals • The average person prefers to be directed, avoids responsibility, lacks ambition, and desires security above all else Johns Hopkins University School of Professional Studies in Business and Education 2006

  3. Theory Y Participative Management StyleThe Assumptions • Effort in work is as natural as play • People will apply self-control and self-direction in the pursuit of organizational objectives, without external control or the threat of punishment • Commitment to objectives is a function of rewards associated with their achievement Johns Hopkins University School of Professional Studies in Business and Education 2006

  4. Theory Y (continued) • People usually accept and often seek responsibility • Ingenuity and creativity in solving organizational problems is widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population • The intellectual potential of the average person is only partly utilized Johns Hopkins University School of Professional Studies in Business and Education 2006

  5. Theory Z • Combines what is good about Theory Y with Japanese management • Places a large amount of freedom and trust with the worker • Assumes that workers have a strong loyalty and interest in teamwork and the organization • Looks more closely at the attitudes and responsibilities of the worker, whereas Theories X and Y examine management and motivation from the perspective of the organization Johns Hopkins University School of Professional Studies in Business and Education 2006

  6. Deal and Bolman on XYZ • Organizations exist to serve human needs • Organizations and people need each other • When the fit between the individual and the organization is poor, one or both will suffer • A good fit between the individual and the organization benefits both Johns Hopkins University School of Professional Studies in Business and Education 2006

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