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Schools of Management Thought: Theory X & Theory Y

Schools of Management Thought: Theory X & Theory Y. Jocelyn Aleman, Jessica Baliwalla , Shadi Laghai , Anton Tsyhanok BOH4M. Origin of the Theory. A business management strategy developed by social psychologist Douglas McGregor

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Schools of Management Thought: Theory X & Theory Y

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  1. Schools of Management Thought:Theory X & Theory Y Jocelyn Aleman, Jessica Baliwalla, ShadiLaghai, Anton Tsyhanok BOH4M

  2. Origin of the Theory • A business management strategy developed by social psychologist Douglas McGregor • First wrote of theory in his book “The Human Side of Enterprise” in 1960 • McGregor believed that Theory X dominated in the 1960s • McGregor believed that managers should follow Theory Y By Jocelyn Aleman

  3. Group Production Activity:Manager InstructionsPurpose: Your group must create as many smiley faces as possible in the allotted time. • Divide into your respective groups, either Group X or Group Y. • One individual in each group is the manager, which is on their slip of paper. • Using the materials provided, create as many smiley faces as possible within a minute and a half. • If you produce the most smiley faces, there are prizes. • For Group X, the manager will win the prizes of everyone in the group. • For Group Y, everyone in the group will win a prize. By Jessica Baliwalla

  4. Theory Y Theory X

  5. Core Beliefs of Theory X • Authoritative (autocratic) method of management • Managers make assumptions about their workers • Often have a hierarchy structure, so that they can have complete control over their workers. • Managers that use this style of management are often task oriented, emphasize on productivity and often don’t concentrate on creating positive relationships • People working for these types of managers are often motivated by either fear or money and often feel unappreciated By Anton Tsyhanok

  6. Core Beliefs of Theory Y • Managers tend to be participative when making decisions, and value both results andrelationships • Priorities will be given to developing positive work environments, and expressing regular recognition and appreciation • People working for these managers tend to feel appreciated and dignified • Workers generally have good morale and feel motivated. By Anton Tsyhanok

  7. Limitations of the Theory THEORY ‘ X ’ • Only fulfills lower needs (money and job) and higher needs (job satisfaction) • Workers may not be able to develop and apply their full capabilities THEORY ‘ Y ' • Some workers need the structure and instruction of the Theory X manager • Impossible to create an environment that benefits and pleases everybody By ShadiLaghai

  8. Limitations of Both • Restricted to only the two theories • A lot of assumptions and generalizations about the two theories • Most managers are a mix of Theory X and Y • Theory X and Y may each be better fits in different circumstances

  9. Works Consulted • "Biography: Douglas McGregor." University of Western Ontario. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. • Cunningham, Robert A. "Douglas McGregor – A Lasting Impression." Ivey Business Journal. N.p., Sept.-Oct. 2011. Web. 21 Oct. 2013. • Expertprogrammanagement.com. "Theory X and Theory Y." Expert Program Management. Expertprogrammanagement.com, 2011. Web. 21 Oct. 2013. • Fong, Kenny. "McGregor's Theory X Theory Y & Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs." Comm in Workplace. N.p., 19 Mar. 2012. Web. 21 Oct. 2013. • "Idea: Theories X and Y." The Economist. N.p., 6 Oct. 2008. Web. 18 Oct. 2013. • Morse, John J., and Jay W. Lorsch. "Beyond Theory Y." Harvard Business Review. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2013. • Yong, Jonathan. "The Limitations of Theory X and Theory Y." CommunicateSmart. N.p., 26 Mar. 2012. Web. 21 Oct. 2013.

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