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IPv6 An Overview of Internet Protocol Version 6

IPv6 An Overview of Internet Protocol Version 6. Network Management Justin Houk May 3, 2010. What is IPv6? History Reasons for IPv4 vs IPv6 Transition ARE WE DOOMED???.  Disney. IPv6 Packet.

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IPv6 An Overview of Internet Protocol Version 6

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  1. IPv6 An Overview of Internet Protocol Version 6 Network Management Justin Houk May 3, 2010

  2. What is IPv6? History Reasons for IPv4 vs IPv6 Transition ARE WE DOOMED??? Disney

  3. IPv6 Packet IPv6 is a connectionless, unreliable datagram protocol that is primarily responsible for addressing and routing packets between hosts.

  4. History of IPv6 IPv4 initiated with RFC 791 in 1981 Late 1980s need for growth apparent 1992 Internet Engineering Task Force calls for “Next Generation IP” with RFC 1550 1996 RFC 2460 released beginning series on Internet Protocol Version 6 IPv6

  5. Reasons for IPv6 Exponential growth of Internet and looming end of IPv4 address space Ability of Internet backbone routers to maintain large routing tables Need for simpler configuration Requirement for security at the IP level Need for better real-time delivery of data support or QoS

  6. Exponential Internet growth from the early 1990s to the present

  7. Only 8% Address Space Left as of 1Q 2010

  8. IPv4 Address Space 32 bit address space allocation allows for 4,294,967,296 addresses Limited by previous allocations and reserved addresses Network Address Translator – Map a single public IP address to multiple private IP addresses

  9. IPv6 Address Space IPv4 – Four 8-bit octets for 32 bits 232 or 4,294,967,296 address IPv6 – Eight 16-bit fields for 128 bits 2128 or 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 or 3.4 x 1038 addresses 665,570,793,348,866,943,898,599 or 6.65 x 1023 addresses for every square meter of the Earth’s surface

  10. The following is an IPv6 address in binary form: 00100001110110100000000011010011000000000000000000101111001110110000001010101010000000001111111111111110001010001001110001011010 The 128-bit address is divided along 16-bit boundaries: 0010000111011010  0000000011010011  0000000000000000  00101111001110110000001010101010  0000000011111111  1111111000101000  1001110001011010 Each 16-bit block is converted to hexadecimal and delimited with colons: 21DA:00D3:0000:2F3B:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A IPv6 address further simplified by zero suppression: 21DA:D3:0:2F3B:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A

  11. IPv6 Hexadecimal Easier to convert between hexadecimal and binary than decimal and binary Kept in hex due to size and ease of computer translation, not human aesthetics

  12. IPv6 addressing scope Unicast – Address that represents a single interface on a device (Network Adapter) Multicast – Represents multiple interfaces for transmitting the same data at the same time (Similar to broadcast in IPv4) Anycast – Any one interface from a group can accept a transmission (First available in a router bank)

  13. Unicast address format showing variable Format Prefix Multicast address format showing variable Format Prefix

  14. IPv4 vs IPv6 Class

  15. IPv4 vs IPv6 Header

  16. IPv6 Transition • Compatibility • IPv4 Compatible vs Mapped Address • Migration • Dual Stacking • Tunneling

  17. IPv4/IPv6 Compatibility IPv4 Compatible Address IPv4 Mapped Address

  18. IPv6 Migration

  19. Dual Stacking • Run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time • IPv6 preferred protocol • Nodes • IPv4 Only • IPv6 Only • IPv6/IPv4 • IPv4 • IPv6

  20. IPv6 over IPv4 Tunneling

  21. IPv6 over IPv4 Tunneling • Manual Tunneling • Configured at both ends • Addressing and routing static • More secure • Dynamic Tunneling • Created automatically based on addressing and routing • Simplified maintenance • Less secure

  22. Conclusion Time to switch? Early Adopters – Google, Comcast, Government Effect on business world

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