NFPA 70E ARC FLASH

1. NFPA 70EARC FLASH “Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace” 2009 to 2012 Standards Review

2. 70E Development History • Evolution • OSHA 1970 - 1910.331-335 “Electrical Safe Work Practices” • 1/7/76 NFPA – established “electrical standards development committee” • OSHA 6(b) process • 1979 first edition published as 1 Part; ‘81-2 Parts; ‘83 – 3 Parts • 2004 (seventh edition) – name and format changed to present • OSHA does not reference 70E - ARC FLASH • Present Format is exactly like NFPA 70 the NEC

3. OSHA and NFPA 70E • 1910.137 PPE design • 1910.269 Generation; T&D • 1910.301-.308 Subpart S – equipment design and use • 1910.331 – “Electrical Safe Work Practices” – action of “Incorporated by Reference” • 1910.332 – Training requirement – the Qualified/ Unqualified person • 1910.333 – De-energization, Lock out/Tag out, Distance requirements, INFEASABLE (70E – Section 130.2.a) • 1910.334 – Testing, Tools, cords, operating switches • 1910.335 – PPE, Signs, Barricades • 1910.399 – Definitions • 1926.400 Subpart “S” Construction Standard

4. OSHA Construction1926 • Subpart K -- ElectricalGeneral 1926.400  Introduction.1926.401  [Reserved] INSTALLATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 1926.402  Applicability.1926.403  General requirements.1926.404  Wiring design and protection.1926.405  Wiring methods, components, and equipment for general use.1926.406  Specific purpose equipment and installations.1926.407  Hazardous (classified) locations.1926.408  Special systems.1926.409-1926.415  [Reserved]

5. OSHA Construction - Continued1926 • SAFETY-RELATED WORK PRACTICES 1926.416  General requirements.1926.417  Lockout and tagging of circuits.1926.418-1926.430  [Reserved] • SAFETY-RELATED MAINTENANCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 1926.431  Maintenance of equipment.1926.432  Environmental deterioration of equipment.1926.433-1926.440  [Reserved] • SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIAL EQUIPMENT 1926.441  Battery locations and battery charging.1926.442-1926.448  [Reserved] • 1926.449  Definitions applicable to this subpart.

6. Favorite Item • 1910.333(a)(1) and NFPA 70E Section 130.2(a) • "Deenergized parts." Live parts to which an employee may be exposed shall be deenergized before the employee works on or near them, unless the employer can demonstrate that deenergizing introduces additional or increased hazards or is infeasible due to equipment design or operational limitations. Live parts that operate at less than 50 volts to ground need not be deenergized if there will be no increased exposure to electrical burns or to explosion due to electric arcs. • Note 1: Examples of increased or additional hazards include interruption of life support equipment, deactivation of emergency alarm systems, shutdown of hazardous location ventilation equipment, or removal of illumination for an area. • Note 2: Examples of work that may be performed on or near energized circuit parts because of infeasibility due to equipment design or operational limitations include testing of electric circuits that can only be performed with the circuit energized and work on circuits that form an integral part of a continuous industrial process in a chemical plant that would otherwise need to be completely shut down in order to permit work on one circuit or piece of equipment.

7. 70 E Format • Article 90 – Introduction • Chapter 1 – Safety Related Work Practices • Chapter 2 – Safety-Related Maintenance Requirements • Chapter 3 – Safety Requirements for Special Equipment • Annex’s A – P

8. 2012 70E Changes • There are 19 Major revisions to Article 90 and Chapter 1. • Major revisions to Article 320 “Safety Requirements Related to Batteries and Battery Rooms • Chapter 2 and 3 revisions are primarily for clarification and editorial purposes • Annex’s D,F,H, J and O received substantial changes • Annex P is new – Aligning 70E implementation with Safety Management standards

9. Chapter 1 Changes • 70E Scope had been revised to align with NEC. • Definitions of terms not used in the standard have been deleted. • “Flame Resistant (FR)” has been changed to “arc-rated (AR) in regard to PPE. • New Article 105, “Application of Safety Related Work Practices” with requirements formerly included in Article 110 that apply throughout Chapter 1 has been added. • 3 year intervals for employee retraining and for electrical safety program auditing have been included • Work practices requirements on use of GFCI’s to protect employees has been added • Former 110.8 “Working While Exposed to Electrical Hazards”, has been moved to 130.3

10. Chapter 1 Changes - Continued • New safety related work practice for underground electrical lines and equipment has been added • Individual qualified employee control procedure has been deleted from Article 120. • Clarification that requirements of Article 130 apply whether energy incident analysis or hazard/ risk table is used to determine use and level of PPE has been provided. • New equipment and information have been added covering use of PPE to protect against arc-flash hazard associated with enclosed electrical equipment • The content of “energized electrical work permit” (EWP) has been revised and its use clarified.

11. Chapter 1 Changes - Continued • New approach boundary and hazard/risk category tables for direct current circuits have been added, as well as information in Annex D on arc flash calculations • A requirement for hearing protection when working within “arc flash boundary” has been added. • Arc-flash protection for hands has been revised to specify “heavy – duty” leather gloves. • Hazard/ risk category tables have been changed to include short-circuit current, fault clearing time and potential arc flash boundary information in each of the major equipment categories instead of in “specific notes” at the end of the table.

12. Chapter 1 Changes - Continued • 2* delineation for certain H/R Category 2 tasks have been deleted. • Former Tables 130.7 (C) (10) and (C) (11) on PPE selection when hazard/risk category method is used have been combined into a single table • New information requirements to the equipment labeling provisions have been clarified and added, and an exception for existing installations has been added.

13. Chapter 2Safety-Related Maintenance Requirements Article 200 - Introduction Article 205 - General Maintenance Requirements Article 210 - Substations, Switchgear Assemblies, Switchboards, Panelboards, Motor Control Centers and Disconnect Switches Article 215 - Premises Wiring Article 220 - Controller Equipment Article 225 - Fuses and Circuit Breakers Article 230 - Rotating Equipment Article 235 - Hazardous (Classified) Locations Article 240 - Batteries and Battery Rooms Article 245 - Portable Electric Tools and Equipment Article 250 - Personal Safety and Protective Equipment

14. Chapter 3Safety Requirements for Special Equipment • Article 300 - Introduction • Article 310 - Safety-Related Work Practices for Electrolytic Cells Article 320 - Safety Requirements Related to Batteries and Battery Rooms Article 330 - Safety-Related Work Practices for Use of Lasers Article 340 - Safety-Related Work Practices: Power Electronic Equipment Article 350 - Safety-Related Work Requirements: Research and Development Laboratories

15. ANNEXs A - Referenced Publications – part of the 70E requirements B - Informational References – not part of the requirements unless listed in A C - Limits of Approach – visual depiction D - Incident Energy and Arc Flash Boundary Calculation Methods E - Electrical Safety Program F - Hazard Analysis, Risk Estimation and Risk Evaluation Procedure G - Sample Lockout/ Tagout Procedure

16. Annex Continued H - Guidance on Selection of Protective Clothing and other Personal Protective Equipment I - Job Briefing and Planning Checklist J - Energized Electrical Work Permit K - General Categories of Electrical Hazards L - Typical Application of Safeguards in the Cell Line Working Zone M - Layering of Protective Clothing and Total System Arc Rating N - Example Industrial Procedures and Policies for Working Near Overhead Electrical Lines and Equipment

17. Annex Continued O - Safety-Related Design Requirements P - Aligning Implementation of This Standard with Occupational Health and Safety Management Standards

18. SUMMARYMy Personal Favorites • Article 100 Definitions – “Working On” • 130.2(a) Infeasable • 130.7(C)(15)(a) Hazard/Risk Category Classifications • 130.7(c)(9) (a) Layering • Annex C – Limits of Approach • Annex J – Energized Electrical Work Permit • ?????????????????????????????????