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“Rap is something you do, Hip Hop is something you live”~ KRS-One. The Hip Hop Subculture. Hip Hop Manifests via. Communication and Expression/style (re)Claiming space Appropriation of text and technology Social justice Class and racial inequities Lack of resources
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“Rap is something you do, Hip Hop is something you live”~ KRS-One The Hip Hop Subculture
Hip Hop Manifests via... • Communication and Expression/style • (re)Claiming space • Appropriation of text and technology • Social justice • Class and racial inequities • Lack of resources • Youth identity formation • Opposition to dominant culture (subculture?) • Anti-Disco? • Competition • Postindustrialization
The 4 Elements • DJing • Breaking=physical manifestation of hip hop • Bombing/Writing=communication through NYC...subways and trains as SCREENS • Emceeing • Beatboxing? • Fashion? • Vernacular?
Caribbean Influence • Jamaican Sound System • Sound Clash • Dub Music=Version • Toasting=Rap • Selectah=DJ • DJ=MC
Rose • Hip hop is a bi-product of: • Deindustrialization • Gentrification/Urban Renewal • City bankruptcy • Class gaps • Limited means • Hip hop is about: • Fame/Status, Style/Identity, Appropriation/Critique Via Style, Turf, Competition
Rose Cont'd • “Hip hop remains a never-ending battle for status, prestige, and group adoration, always in formation, always contested, and never fully achieved” (p. 36) • Hip Hop's stylistic continuities: • 1) FLOW • 2) Layering • 3) Ruptures in line
Bricolage and Incorporation • Hebdige Subculture: The Meaning of Style (1979) • Important theory of subcultural style • Style challenges hegemony • Bricolage=taking everyday items and invert their meaning; objects as a medium • Subcultures “Incorporated” into mainstream through “recuperation”: • Commodified form: subcultural signs into mass consumable objects • Ideological form: deviant behaviors are normalized
DJ Kool Herc • Father of Hip Hop • From Kingston • Brought sound clash/system aesthetics to urban America and flipped it • Gave “jams”, first one Aug. 11, 1973 at 1520 Sedgwick Ave (Cedar Park) • “Merry go round” technique using the break or “get down” part of a record
Herc Cont'd • Herculoids=Herc's crew • Became biggest DJ in Bronx • Known for his powerful system, the Herculords • DJs battled for territories • 1974 ish, Coke La Rock grabs the mic • ^First Emcee
Afrika Bambaataa • Former Black Spade • Started the Universal Zulu Nation • “Master of Records” and “Godfather” of hip hop • First DJ to get accepted in the “downtown” new wave/punk scene • First to call all 4 elements “hip hop”
Grandmaster Flash • Innovator and “inventor” of techniques • Retrofitting technology • Musical collage through “cutting” 2 of the same records • (re)Composition
NYC Blackout of '77 • Most of NYC has no power for one day • Significant for 2 reasons to hip hop: • 1) It brought a TON of media attention, mostly negative, to the South Bronx • This attention would eventually shine on hip hop • 2) Much of the looting happened at stereo stores and clubs. Within days there were new DJ/MC crews with nice equipment • DEMOCRACY because of ACCESS!!!