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Introduction to Cellular Biology

Introduction to Cellular Biology. Essential Questions. What is the cell theory? What are the characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?. Life is Cellular. Discovery of the cell: Year: 1665 Scientist: Robert Hooke Invention: microscope

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Introduction to Cellular Biology

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  1. Introduction to Cellular Biology

  2. Essential Questions • What is the cell theory? • What are the characteristics of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

  3. Life is Cellular • Discovery of the cell: • Year: 1665 • Scientist: Robert Hooke • Invention: microscope • Robert Hooke found the first “cell” by looking through his microscope (empty chambers in a cork)

  4. Cell Theory • All living things are composed of small units called CELLS!!!! • Cells are the basic units of life!!!! • They are the basic units of structure and function • New cells are produced from existing cells. Can be single cellled (___ cellular) Example: Amoeba Can be many celled (_____ cellular) Example: Humans Applies to all organisms: plants, animals, and bacteria

  5. THE CELL • Cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes • All have 2 characteristics in common • Cell membrane- surrounds the cell like a barrier • Contain a molecule that contains DNA

  6. Two Broad CategoriesProkaryote & Eukaryote

  7. Prokaryotes - does NOT have a Nuclues • No nuclear membrane around DNA • Don’t have membrane-bound organelles (ex: mitochondria) • Small and simple • Examples: • Bacteria

  8. Eukaryotes • Contain a nucleus • Have organelles • Specialized cell organs • Larger and more complex • Example: • Muscle cell • Skin cell

  9. STOP!!! How will we remember?? Venn Diagram

  10. Euk. Prok. • No nucleus • No membrane-bound organelles • Small and simple • Examples: • Bacteria • Some algae • Contain a nucleus • (stores DNA) • Have organelles • Specialized cell organs • Larger and more complex • Cytoskeleton • Example: • Muscle cell • Skin cell Cell membrane Cytoplasm Respond to Env. Grow Reproduce

  11. Plant vs. Animal

  12. 1. Vacuole • 2. Golgi Apparatus • 3. Cell wall • 4. Cell membrane • 5. Chloroplast • 6. Mitochondria • 7. Nucleus • 8. Endoplasmic reticulum • 9. Nucleolus

  13. 11. Lysosome • 12. ER • 13. Cell membrane • 14. Nucleus • 15. Cytoplasm • 16. Nucleolous • 17. Golgi Apparatus • 18. Mitochondria

  14. Plant Cells • Chloroplasts -photosynthesis • Vacuole -storage • Have a cell wall • Provides strength and protection

  15. Animal Cell • Lysosomes -Digestive enzymes • Have centrioles -Aid in cell division

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