Review For Test II

1. Review For Test II

2. England • The Commonwealth – Puritan Republic • Oliver Cromwell • Lord Protector • Instrument of Government • Jamaica – 1655 • Sugar Plantations • Slave Trade • Navigation Acts • Charles II • Restored: • Monarchy • House of Lords • Anglican Church • Religious Toleration • The Test Act • Transubstantiation • Carolina • Lord Proprietors • New Amsterdam • New York

3. England & Netherlands • James II • Catholicism • Declaration of Indulgence • The Glorious Revolution • William III and Mary II • Bill of Rights • Rulers subject to law • Govern with Parliament’s consent • Toleration Act of 1689 • Legalized Protestantism • Roman Catholicism outlawed • Act of Settlement of 1701 • House of Hannover • “Century of strife” • The Quaker Colonies • William III • Stadtholderof the Netherlands • United Provinces of the Netherlands • Urbanization • Agriculture • Shipbuilding • Empire

4. France & Prussia • Cardinal Mazarin • Frondes • Louis XIV • The Sun King • Divine Right of Kings • Bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet • Absolutism • Local vs. National • Palace of Versailles • Jean Baptiste Colbert • Economic Reform • S. Domingue / Haiti • Brandenburg-Prussia • Hohenzollerns • Frederick William • “The Great Elector” • Centralization • Royal Bureaucracy • Army

5. Late 1600s, Early 1700s • The Nine Years War • 1688-1697 • King Williams War • League of Augsburg/Grand Alliance • Charles II of Spain • Phillip of Anjou • Phillip V of Spain • War of Spanish Succession • 1701-1714 • John Churchill • Queen Anne’s War • Treaty of Utrecht (1713) / Treaty of Rastatt (1714) • Changing Rulers • Anne of England/Great Britain • Acts of Union - 1707 • George I of Britain • Sir Robert Walpole • First Prime Minister • Louis XV of France • Favorites • Madame de Pompadour • Emperor Charles VI • Pragmatic Sanction • Maria Theresa • Frederick I of Prussia • First King • Frederick William I of Prussia • Military Expansion

6. Late 1600s, Early 1700s • Peter I (The Great) of Russia • The Grand Embassy • Westernization • Table of Ranks • The Holy Synod • New Military • Azov • The Great Northern War • (1700-1721) • Battle of Poltava • The War of Jenkins’ Ear • British Smuggling • Robert Jenkins • War of Austrian Succession • Maria Theresa of Austria • Frederick II of Russia • King George’s War • Treaty of Aix-la-Chappelle • Diplomatic Revolution • Convention of Westminster • Bourbons & Hapsburgs

7. Seven Year War and Enlightenment • The Seven Years War • European Campaign • Frederick II “The Great” of Prussia • Treaty of Hubertusberg • India Campaign • The Third Carnatic War • North American Campaign • The French and Indian War • William Pitt the Elder • Battle of Quebec • Treaty of Paris (1763) • The Enlightenment • The Philosophes • Voltaire • Satire • Candide • Montesquieu • The Persian Letters • Spirit of the Laws • The Encyclopedia • Denis Diderot • Jean le Rondd’Alembert • Deism • Monarch vs. Divine Watchmaker

8. The Enlightenment • Mercantilism Vs. Laissez Faire La Nature • Adam Smith • Wealth of Nations • Slave Trade • Portuguese and Spanish • 16th century • Dutch • 17th Century • English and French • 18th Century • Conditions • Barbados Slave Code - 1661 • View of the Enlightenment • Jean-Jacques Rousseau • The Social Contract • General Will • Education • Émile • Mary Wollstonecraft • A Vindication of the Rights of Woman • The Salon • Enlightened Absolutism • Frederick II of Prussia • Joseph II of Austria • Catherine II of Russia

9. Prologue to The American Revolution • Sugar Act (tariffs on sugar, coffee, wines) • Stamp Act (newspapers, documents, etc.) • Stamp Act Congress • Townshend Acts (glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea) • The Boston Massacre • Tea Act • Boston Tea Party • Intolerable Acts • Coercive Acts • The Boston Port Act • The Administration of Justice Act • The Massachusetts Government Act • Quebec Act • Quartering Act • First Continental Congress • Philadelphia • Battles of Lexington and Concord

10. American Revolution / French Revolution • Battle of Saratoga • Turning Point • French Alliance • Battle of Yorktown • General Washington • Comte de Rochambeau • De Grasse • General Cornwallis • The Treaty of Paris of 1783 • Louis XVI • Weak and Indecisive • Queen Marie Antoinette • Estates General • Clergy • Nobility • Everyone else • Cahiers de Doléances • National Assembly • Third Estate • Tennis Court Oath

11. French Revolution • Storming of the Bastille • The Great Fear - August 4, 1789 • Renunciation of feudal rights, dues, and tithes • Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen • Statement of the principles that would guide the writing of a new constitution • The Parisian Women’s March • Constitution of 1791 • Émigrés • Artois - the King’s younger brother • Declaration of Pillnitz • Leopold II of Austria • Frederick William II of Prussia

12. The French Revolution • Jacobins • Republic • Girondists • The Mountain • The Convention • French Republic • The Sans-Culottes • Goals: • relief from food shortages • government price controls • end to social inequality • Alliance with the Mountain • Execution of Louis XVI • War with Europe • The Committee for Public Safety • Jacques Danton • Maximilien Robespierre • Lazare Carnot • The Levée en Masse

13. The French Revolution • The Reign of Terror • De-Christianization • Revolutionary Tribunals • Robespierre takes control • Law of 22 Prairial • Fall of Robespierre • Speech to the Convention • Arrest & Execution • The ThermidorianReaction • The Directory • Napoleon Bonaparte • Treaty with Austria • Egypt • The Coup d'état • AbbéSiéyès • Consulate • Napoleon - First Consul • Official end of French revolution

14. Napoleonic Age • Napoleonic Code (Civil Code of 1804) • Abolition of privileges of birth • Appointment by merit • Labor and Family issues • Empire • New constitution • Coronation • Napoleon in America • Haitian Revolution • Civil War / Slave Revolt • BoukmanDutty • Toussaint L’Ouverture • Louisiana to US • War of 1812 • Britain vs. US • Invasion of Canada • Battle of New Orleans • War at Sea • Battle of Trafalgar • Lord Horatio Nelson • Continental War • Austria • Prussia • Russia • Treaty of Tilsit

15. Napoleonic Age • Continental System • The Berlin and Milan Decrees • Britain • Fall of Napoleon’s Empire • Guerilla Warfare in Spain • Wellesley (Duke of Wellington • Campaign in Russia • Winter • Battle of Nations • Leipzig • Congress of Vienna • Monarchies • Combined kingdoms • Piedmont-Genoa-Sardinia • Netherlands-Belgium • Issue over Poland • Hundred Days • Battle of Waterloo • Napoleon • Wellesley • Blucher

16. Industrial Revolution & “isms” • Industrialization • Great Britain • Steam engine • Thomas Newcomen • James Watt • Steam powered locomotive • George Stephenson • Proletarianization • English Factory Act - 1833 • US • Samuel Slater • “Father of American Factory System” • Eli Whitney • Interchangeable Parts • Classical Economics • Limit Government Intervention • Thomas Malthus • Essay on the Principle of Population • Romanticism • Rousseau • Theories on Education • Immanuel Kant • The Critique of Pure Reason • The Critique of Practical Reason • Romantic writers • Goethe – Faust • Methodism – John Wesley • Marxism • Karl Marx • Friedrich Engels • Communist Manifesto

17. Restoration and Revolution • Bourbon Restoration • France • Louis XVIII • The Charter • Ultraroyalists • Revolution in Spain • Russia • Decembrist Revolt • Moscow Regiment • Nicholas I • Greek Revolution • Treaty of London • France • Charles X • Four Ordinances • July Revolution • Louis Phillipe • Belgium • Convention of 1839 • Britain • The Great Reform Bill • End of Slavery • Opium Wars

18. The Americas • Rio de la Plata / Argentina • Jose de San Martin • Gran Columbia / Venezuela • Simon Bolivar • Caudillos • Juan Manuel de Rosas • Mexico • Augustin de Iturbide • Brazil • Dom Pedro (Pedro I) • Emperor of Brazil • US • Expansion • Texas • Oregon • California • The Mexican-American War • Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

19. Year of Revolutions • France • February Revolutions • June Days - Second Republic • Louis Napoleon • First Modern Dictator • Napoleon III • Second Empire • Hapsburgs • Vienna • End of Serfdom • Hungary & Bohemia • Italy • First Italian War of Independence • Prussia/Germany • The Frankfurt Parliament • Results • Serfdom • Universal Male Suffrage

20. Imperialism & Rise of Nation States • China • Taiping Rebellion • Hong Xiuquan • The Opening of Japan • Matthew C Perry • Meji Reforms • India • Sepoy Revolt • The Great Game • Ottomans – Tanzimat Era • The Crimean War • Russia vs. Ottomans • Britain, France, Piedmont • War correspondents and photographers • Treaty of Paris 1856 • Italian Unification • Camillo Cavour • Second Italian War of Independence • Victor Emmanuel II

21. Rise of Nation States • Russian Reform • Alexander II • Emancipation of the Serfs • Zemstvos • Mexico - Benito Juarez • La Reforma • The French Invasion • Napoleon III • Austrian Archduke Maximillion • US Civil War • Regional Differences • Emancipation Proclamation • German Unification • Otto von Bismarck • The Danish War (1864) • Schleswig-Holstein • The Austro-Prussian War (1866) • “Seven-Weeks War” • North German Confederation • The Hapsburg Empire • Loss of territory • Ausliech • Dual monarchy

22. Rise of Nation States • Britain • Victorian Age • The Second Great Reform Bill • Canada • The British North American Act • The Dominion of Canada • John A. Macdonald • Crisis in Spain • Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen • Telegram to Bismarck • Edited version • The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) • Southern German states • Unified German Empire • Alsace and Lorraine • France • Paris Commune • First Communist Revolution?