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Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration. Cellular Respiration. Have you ever wondered why exactly you need to breathe?  What happens when you stop breathing?.

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Cellular Respiration

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  1. Cellular Respiration

  2. Cellular Respiration Have you ever wondered why exactly you need to breathe?  What happens when you stop breathing?

  3. Cellular respiration is the set of the metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

  4. C6H12O6 + 6O2 -->6 CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP

  5. Respiration occurs in the presence of oxgen -  AEROBIC Without oxygen, another path is taken ....this path is called fermentation,  or  anaerobic respiration

  6. There are three stages 1.  Glycolysis 2.  Kreb's Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) 3.  Electron Transport Chain

  7. 1. Glycolysis: converts a molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid          (a 3-carbon molecule)  -   PGAL

  8. an anaerobic process - proceeds whether or not O2 is present ; O2 is not required net yield of 2 ATP per glucose moleculenet yield of 2 NADH per glucose molecule

  9. 2. Citric Acid or Krebs Cycle If there is no oxygen, fermentationoccurs a) occurs in the inner mitochondrial matrixb) an aerobic process; will proceed only in the presence of O2

  10. c) net yield of 2 ATP per glucose molecule d) net yield of 6 NADH and 2 FADH2  (FAD serves the same purpose as NAD) e) in this stage of cellular respiration, the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is completed.

  11. 3. Electron Transport System: a) consists of a series of enzymes on the inner mitochondrial membrane b) electrons are released from NADH and from FADH2 and as they are passed along the series of enzymes, they give up energy which is used to fuel a process called chemiosmosis

  12. c) net yield of 34 ATP per glucose molecule d) 6 H2O are formed when the electrons unite with O2* at the end of electron transport chain. * Note: This is the function of oxygen in living organisms!

  13. Does this picture look familiar?

  14. Compare Photosynthesis to Respiration 1.  Where? 2.   What are the products? 3.   What compounds are needed to start the processes? 4.  Which has:           Electron Transport Chain           Phospholipid membrane           ATP Synthase           Proton Pumps           Chlorophyll           The production of glucose /  The use of glucose

  15. Overall glucose tally sheet Glycolysis OutputTotal 2 ATP in 4 ATP ------> 2 ATP 2 NADH ------> 6 ATP or ------> 4 ATP Krebs Acid Cycle 8 NADH 2 FADH2 2 ATP ------> 2 ATP Electron Transport Chain + ATP synthetase 3 X 8 NADH ------> 24 ATP 2 X 2 FADH2 -----> 4 ATP TOTAL 36 or 38 ATPs per Glucose

  16. More on Fermentation By products of fermentation include lactic acid (muscle cells) and alcohol We can use these products in food making

  17. What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration? 1.  2.  3. 

  18. Self Test 1. In order to produce energy, cells start with glycolysis. If oxygen is NOT present after glycolysis, what process occurs next? a) Electron Transport Chain   b) Krebs Cycle   c) Fermentation2. If oxygen IS present after glycolysis, what process occurs next? a) Electron Transport Chain b) Krebs Cycle    c)Fermentation 3. A process that does NOT require oxygen is known as what?            a) Aerobic           b) Anaerobic 4. In glycolysis, glucose is broken into 2 molecules of __________________ acid 5.  Where does the Kreb's cycle occur? _________________ 6.   What gas is a waste product produced in the Krebs cycle? ____

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