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Order Rodentia Family Muridae

This article provides information on three common rodent species in North America: Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat), Mus musculus (House mouse), and Zapus hudsonius (Meadow jumping mouse). Learn about their identification, distribution, habitat, diet, reproduction, and conservation status.

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Order Rodentia Family Muridae

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  1. Order RodentiaFamily Muridae • Diastema • 1 pair incisors • Ears shorter than tail • Eyes, ears visible • Tail naked; annulations visible • Tail not longer than head and body • Dorsal, ventral pelage nearly same color Rattus norvegicus

  2. Rattus norvegicus Identification: Ratlike size; brown dorsum and slightly lighter venter; naked tail; little hair on ears; abdomen swollen anterior to tail (TL 315-460mm) Distribution: Statewide

  3. Rattus norvegicus Habitat: Almost exclusively near human habitations; confined to 1st floor and basement in buildings Diet: Grain, food scraps, chicken eggs, chicks Reproduction: Up to 12 litters of as many as 12 young annually Conservation: Introduced; common

  4. Rattus norvegicus Other: Introduced in 1700s; damages food stores; historically significant as vector of bacterium causing bubonic plague http://www.insecta-inspecta.com http://www.columbia.edu

  5. Mus Musculus House Mouse By Heather Reynolds

  6. Mus Musculus • Id: small mouse, grayish-brown pelage, tail dark and nearly naked, ears naked. • Harvest Mouse: reddish back, lighter venter. • Peromyscus: white venter. • Distribution: statewide; Asia, Turkey-China; found anywhere from equator to sub-polar islands. • Habitat: urban areas, old fields, disturbed areas. • Diet: opportunistic; cereal, peanut butter, corn, seeds, insects.

  7. Mus Musculus • Reproduction: 18-21 day gestation, 3-16 young, several litters a year. • Conservation Status: pest species, actively eradicated from homes and buildings.

  8. Fame and Fortune for Mus Musculus

  9. References for Mus Musculus • Jones, J.K. and E.C. Birney. 1988. Handbook of Mammals of the North Central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. 296pp. • Kays, R. and D.E. Wilson. 2002. Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press. Princeton University, New Jersey. 112pp. • Martin, A.C., et al. 1951. American Wildlife and Plants: A Guide to Wildlife Feeding Habits. General Publishing Co. Toronto, Ontario. 264pp. • http://www.naturalhistorymag.com/0402/0402feature.html. 25 October 2004. • http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/collections/mammology/mamwash/mumu.html. 25 October 2004.

  10. Picture References for Mus Musculus • Fancy mice: http://www.ax.sakura.ne.jp/~hy4477/link/zukan/sonota/mouse01.jpg. 25 October 2004. • Baby mice: http://ddd.cirbus.com/images/musmus_small.jpg. 25 October 2004. • Lab mouse: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/~magrane/mouse.gif. 25 October 2004. • Mickey mouse: http://www.oneposter.com/userdata/poster/poster_6127.jpg. 25 October 2004. • Tom and Jerry: http://www.gorasini.hr/e-razglednice/displayimage.php?album=lastcom&pid=51. 25 October 2004.

  11. Order RodentiaFamily Zapodidae • Diastema • 1 pair incisors • Ears shorter than tail • Eyes, ears visible • Tail furred • Tail much longer than head and body • Hind feet elongate Zapus hudsonius

  12. Zapus hudsonius Identification: Pelage coarse with dark brown dorsal band; yellowish flanks; venter white; bicolored tail Distribution: Statewide Habitat: Moist grassland, weedy habitats

  13. Zapus hudsonius Diet: Seeds, fruits, fungus, invertebrates Reproduction: 2 litters of 2-8 annually Conservation: Common Other: Hops only when scared or pursued

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