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Order Carnivora Family Canidae

Order Carnivora Family Canidae. Large canines No diastema Body size large (TL > 68 cm) Claws not retractile Face not flat (except for some C. familiaris breeds) Long legs. Vulpes vulpes. Canis latrans Coyote. Sara Eubanks. Canis latrans. Identification

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Order Carnivora Family Canidae

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  1. Order CarnivoraFamily Canidae • Large canines • No diastema • Body size large (TL > 68 cm) • Claws not retractile • Face not flat (except for some C. familiaris breeds) • Long legs Vulpes vulpes

  2. Canis latransCoyote Sara Eubanks

  3. Canis latrans • Identification • Smallest of New World wild canis, larger than any fox • Dorsal color variable but grayish- brown to grayish buff • Venter paler • TL: 1050-1350, tail:290-390; HF:180-210; ear:95-120;weight: 9-20 kg • Males larger, heavier than females www.lioncrusher.com/images/coyote.jpg

  4. Canis latrans • Distribution • Widely throughout U.S. • All of southern, south-central Canada • South through Mexico into northern central America www.lioncrusher.com

  5. Canis latrans • Habitat • Very adaptable • Utilize wide range of habitats: forests, woodlots, clear cuts, farms • Prefer habitats not containing wolves http://www.acapixus.dk/galleri/ images_html/KOL9974_dk.htm

  6. Canis latrans • Diet • Opportunistic predator • Mammalian flesh 90% of diet • Eats rodents, rabbits, deer, carrion, livestock, lizards, amphibians, berries, fruit http://www.stockpix.com/stock/animals/mammals/predatorymammals/coyotes/2461s2.jpg

  7. Canis latrans • Reproduction • Mating lasts 3 months January-March • Females may mate with more than one male • Female chooses mate, may remain with for couple of years but not life • Gestation 60-63 days http://www.canis.info/caniden/derkojote.htm

  8. Canis latrans • Reproduction cont. • Litter size: 1-19; average 6 • Mom and dad feed pups by regurgitating food • Young born blind, limp-eared, pug nosed • Eyes open 10 days • Females remain with parents, males leave • Reach sexual maturity at 1 year

  9. Canis latrans • Conservation Status • No special status at this time http://www.azuswebworks.com/ html/2coyotes.htm

  10. Canis latrans • Other • Reservoir host of rabies • Pelts used for coats • Pelts sell for up to $17 • More likely a daytime predator, more nocturnal

  11. Canis latrans • Other • Higher-pitched howls than wolves with more yelps http://www.stockpix.com/stock/animals/mammals/predatorymammals/ coyotes/803.htm

  12. Canis latrans • References • Coyote (Canis latrans). Accessed October 13, 2004 at http://www.canids.org/SPPACCTS/coyote.htm. • Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson. 2002. The Mammals of North America. Princeton University press, Princeton, New Jersey. • Jones, J.K. and E.C. Birney. 1988. Handbook of Mammals of the North-central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. • Tokar, E. 2001. "Canis latrans" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed October 13, 2004 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Canis_latrans.html.

  13. The Dog Canis familiaris Katie Yahr

  14. Canis familiaris Identification • What makes a dog a dog? -Basic morphology similar to Canis lupis • Anal glands • Many different breeds www.thewildones.org

  15. Canis familiaris Distribution/ Habitat • Worldwide in a variety of habitats (especially under your feet or on the couch) • Most commonly found in association with humans

  16. Canis familiaris Diet • Dog food • Whatever they can reach on the counter • Feral dogs- negative impact on ecosystems

  17. Canis familiaris Reproduction • Sexually mature at 6-12 months • Gestation 9 weeks • Average of 3-9 puppies in a litter • Altricial young • In six years, one female dog and her offspring can theoretically produce 67,000 dogs!

  18. Canis familiaris Conservation Status • Overpopulated! • Management of feral populations • Be a responsible dog owner! news.nationalgeographic.com

  19. Canis familiaris References • http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/rhgiles/speciesssm/wdogs.htm • http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/08/0821_030821_straydogs.html • http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Canis_lupus_familiaris.html • http://www.petplace.com/articles/artShow.asp?artID=1144 • www.hsus.org • www.aspca.org

  20. Red Fox(Vulpes Vulpes)By: Brad Froeschle www.floodlightfindings.com

  21. This small, doglike animal is rusty-red with white underbelly, chin and throat. The ears are prominent and the tail is long and bushy with a white tip. Backs of the ears, lower legs and the feet are black. The fox goes through color phases of black, silver, and mixed. Dental Formula: 3/3, 1/1, 4/4, 2/3 The eyes of adults are yellow. Red foxes have tail glands. Between 5 and 15lbs and the length is between 32 and 45 inches. Identification www.flloodfindings.com

  22. Red Fox Diet/Distribution • The red fox is an omnivore. It generally eats mice, rats, other rodents, rabbits, squirrels, insects, and fruit. • Mostly the red fox likes to eat mice. • It is also famous for getting into farmers chicken houses and preying on farm chickens. • The daily consumption consists between .5 and 1Kg a day. • Red Foxes are found throughout Iowa. • Habitats include forests, prairies, farmlands. www.floodfindings.com

  23. The breeding season is between December and March. Sexual Maturity is reached around 10 months of age. Gestation is on average 52 days. Foxes have between 1 and 13 Kits. (avg. 5) Born blind but open eyes after 9 to 14 days. They are weaned between 8 and 10 weeks. Reproduction

  24. The red fox is not considered an endangered species in Iowa. Foxes use a variety of vocal calls to communicate between each other. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Canidae Genus: Vulpes Species: Vulpes vulpes Conservation Status/Etc. www.floodfindings.com

  25. References • Iowa Department of Natural Resources. Iowa’s threatened and endangered species. Available at http://www.state.ia.us/dnr/organiza/ppd/tespecies.htm. October 2004. • Nowak, R. M. 1991. Walker's Mammals of the World. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD. • Iowa Association of Naturalists. Iowa Mammals. http://www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/IAN601.pdf. October 2004.

  26. Urocyon cinereoargenteusCommon name: Gray Fox Presented by Catherine Luria http://members.tripod.com/~wildlifehaven/greyfox1.jpg

  27. Urocyon cinereoargenteus • Order Carnivora • Family Canidae • Genus Urocyon • Species Urocyon cinereoargenteus http://www.canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca/data/sppphotos/mammals/greyfox.jpg

  28. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Identification • TL: 80-113 cm • Tail: 27-43 cm • Ear: 7-8 cm • Hind foot: 12.5-14.5 cm • Weight: 3-7 kg http://www.canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca/data/sppphotos/mammals/greyfox.jpg

  29. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Identification • Dorsum grizzled and gray • Sides and limbs cinnamon to orange • Underside tan to whitish • Black, white, and rufous markings on the face and neck • Dark stripe runs down back onto black-tipped tail http://www.canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca/data/sppphotos/mammals/greyfox.jpg

  30. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Distribution • Ranges from SE Canada to northern S. America • Found throughout central and eastern US, as well as along Pacific coast and in the southwest http://www.canadianbiodiversity.mcgill.ca/data/sppphotos/mammals/greyfox.jpg

  31. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Habitat • Wooded or brushy riparian habitats • Favors edge habitats • Home range is estimated to be 254-336 acres • Density in good habitat is 2-3 per sq. mile • Quite territorial http://www.foxes.org/urbanfox/grey1.jpg

  32. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Habitat • Dens in hollow logs and trees, crevices in rocks, caves, piles of brush or wood, abandoned buildings, underground burrows • Used year round, but especially during whelping season http://www.foxes.org/urbanfox/grey1.jpg

  33. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Habitat • Underground den may be up to 75 feet long • Up to 10 exits • Numerous side chambers for food storage and whelping • Mother moves pups to new chamber as old chamber becomes soiled http://www.foxes.org/urbanfox/grey1.jpg

  34. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Diet • Most omnivorous of foxes • Feed on small mammals and birds, carrion, invertebrates, fruit, and corn http://www.foxes.org/urbanfox/grey1.jpg

  35. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Reproduction • Mate in December through April • Gestation is 62 days • Bear litters of 1-7 “kits” (average of 4) • Kits are born with eyes closed, covered in black fur • Are able to eat solid foods by 6 weeks and forage by 4 months Catherine Luria, 2004

  36. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Conservation Status • No special conservation status • Classed as a furbearer • Regulated hunting and trapping season http://www.floodlight-findings.com/2redfox/grayfox.html

  37. Urocyon cinereoargenteus Other • Only member of dog family to climb trees • Rabies vector http://www.floodlight-findings.com/2redfox/grayfox.html

  38. References Desert USA. The Gray Fox. Available at http://www.desertusa.com/nov96/du_gfox.html. October 2004. Jones, J. Knox, Jr. and Elmer C. Birney. 1988. Handbook of Mammals of the North-Central States. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis. Kays, Roland W. and Don E. Wilson. 2002. Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ. Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. Gray Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Available at http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/snapshots/mammals/grayfox.html. October 2004. The Cyber Zoomobile. Gray Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Available at http://home.globalcrossing.net/~brendel/fox.html. October 2004.

  39. Order CarnivoraFamily Procyonidae • Large canines • No diastema • Claws not retractile • Bushy, ringed tail Procyon lotor

  40. Procyon lotorRaccoon BY: TAMI WETTERLIND

  41. DescriptionProcyon lotor • The mask extends across the cheeks, eyes and nose. • There is also pale grey bars above and below the large eyes to complete the "mask" affect. • The raccoon has a long fine coat and a busy tail with 4 to 7 prominent dark rings. • The general color is a grizzled gray to a blackish color, with the sides greyer than the back. • The nape of the neck can be a rusty color and the under-parts brownish with a whitish wash. • The ears are edged with white or grayish hairs.

  42. IdentificationProcyon lotor • Males: • 63-95 cm • 20-40 cm • Females: • 60-91 cm • 19-34 cm • 4-15.8 kg • Forepaws are dexterous. The hind foot makes a print in which the toes and heel pad are joined whereas the front tracks toe and heel pad have a brief space between. • www.fishbc.com/adventure/wilderness/animals/raccoon.htm (larger picture.) www2.biology.ualberta.ca/uamz.hp/coon.html (smaller picture)

  43. DistributionProcyon lotor • This animal is native to the southern part of the Canadian provinces and most of the United States. • It is most common along stream edges, open forests and coastal marshes. • It is abundant throughout all of Iowa. • (picture from clipart)

  44. HabitatProcyon lotor • Inhabits hollow trees and logs for homes and often use the ground burrows of other animals for raising their young or for sleeping during the coldest part of the winter months • Also den near water, rock cavities, or any other crevice that will provide some protection • (picture from The Raccoon Gallery)

  45. DietProcyon lotor • Omnivore, will eat almost anything edible including fruits, insects, frogs, fish, small mammals and birds, including their eggs, crayfish, turtles, berries, corn, meadow voles, and mice. • The raccoon uses its forepaws and its great manual dexterity to manipulate even the most complex food sources, including garbage cans, into its diet. • Picture from The Raccoon Gallery)

  46. ReproductionProcyon lotor • one litter a year • from 1 to 7 but usually 3 or 4 offspring. • The young are born in the summer (April-May) • stay with the mother during the winter until the next summer. • The male raccoon provides no parental care and will be aggressively chased from the den area by the female. • (Picture from The Raccoon Gallery)

  47. Conservation Status and ImportanceProcyon lotor • Abundant throughout all of Iowa. • Economically important for fur trade. • Predators: great horned owl and mammals such as bobcats, foxes, coyotes, or fishers. • (Picture from Managing Iowa Wildlife)

  48. DiseaseProcyon lotor • Rabies can be transmitted to humans or their pets from raccoons. • Incidence of rabies in animals is low in the Midwest. • Raccoon roundworm (Baylisascris) has potential exposure to trappers and hunters who might accidentally touch feces.

  49. Fun FactsProcyon lotor • Mainly nocturnal • Meaning of name:Procyon (pro = before + cyon = dog)lotor (washer)=little washing dog. • There are 26 separate subspecies of the raccoon, but only one is found in the Midwestern states. • (Picture from The Raccoon Gallery)

  50. ReferencesProcyon lotor • Kays, R.W. and D.E. Wilson. 2002. The Mammals of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. Pp 172. • Managing Iowa Wildlife. Available at: www.extension.iastate.edu/Publications/PM1302E.pdf, 1995. • Raccoon Procyon lotor. Available at: www.fishbc.com/adventure/wilderness/animals/raccoon.htm, 2004. • Raccoon. Procyon lotor. Available at: www.nature.ca/notebooks/english/racoon.htm, 2004. • The Raccoon at the University of Alberta Museum of Zoology. Available at: www2.biology.ualberta.ca/uamz.hp/coon.html, 2001. • The Raccoon Gallery. Available at: www.loomcom.com/raccoons/gallery/, 2004

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