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Roberto A. Peixoto Maua Institute of Technology - IMT

Issues in the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Sector Faced by Article 5 Parties. Roberto A. Peixoto Maua Institute of Technology - IMT. Disclaimer : The views expressed are those of the author and do not represent those of the TEAP or the RTOC. Background Challenges and Barriers

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Roberto A. Peixoto Maua Institute of Technology - IMT

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  1. Issues in the Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Sector Faced by Article 5 Parties Roberto A. Peixoto Maua Institute of Technology - IMT Disclaimer: The views expressed are those of the author and do not represent those of the TEAP or the RTOC

  2. Background • Challenges and Barriers • Way forward

  3. Background • Number of RAC products will increase strongly in developing countries • population growth, fast urbanization, electrification and changes in consumer patterns • development of the cold chain, especially commercial refrigeration, and the automobile industry (MAC) Source: GIZ-2013

  4. Background • Demand for refrigerant will increase • RAC products will play a role in: • future energy consumption • GHG emission • Article 5 countries have progressed in implementation of their Stage I HPMPs and are in the process to start preparation of Stage II HPMPs • Article 5 countries will need to address the RAC manufacturing/servicing sectors • Reduce/control the number of new HCFC-22 based installations • High-GWP HFCs have been/are considered as replacements for HCFCs

  5. Challenges and Barriers • To avoid replacing HCFCs with high-GWP HFCs • Alternative refrigerants must provide: • environmental sustainability • performance • safety • total cost of ownership • Some low GWP options are not fully mature at present and their application cannot be achieved immediately • The use of unsaturated HFCs (HFOs) for the conversion of refrigeration/air-conditioning equipment is yet to be demonstrated • Companies in 5 countries do not agree to implement technology not yet commercialized in developed countries

  6. Challenges and Barriers • The use of flammable refrigerants requires assessing procedures and establishing standards on good practices • High ambient temperatures generate more stringent conditions and lead to more restrictive conditions in terms of refrigerant choices • Regulations requiring air-conditioning equipment to be energy efficient in order to enter the market increases the need to find alternatives in the short term • Need to assess climate impact of RAC equipment during their lifetime: emissions of refrigerants, energy consumption • UNEP study: Barriers to the Use of low GWP Refrigerants in Developing Countries

  7. Way forward • Technology to leapfrog high-GWP HFCs in RAC is available in many applications • Adoption of technically and economically feasible alternatives • safe, climate friendly and energy efficient • needs support for technology transfer, technical and other guidance • Introduction and update of safety standards on refrigerants • Demonstration projects and financial incentives to support low GWP technologies • Technician training is essential for the proper handling of refrigerants • Regulations and voluntary agreements

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