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SOIL

Learn about different soil components, horizons, and profiles to determine the best soil type for various climates. Explore the pros and cons of sandy, silty, and clay soils, and the importance of soil in sustaining life on Earth.

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SOIL

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  1. SOIL

  2. Definitions • Bedrock – Solid, un-weathered base rock • Regolith – Broken up rock particles

  3. 4 Components of Soil

  4. Rock Material in Soil • Sand - Largest component (2mm – 0.06mm) • Composition (parent material) = Quartz • Source = Mechanical weathering

  5. Rock Material in Soil • Silt (0.06mm-0.002mm) • Composition - feldspar & quartz • Source - mechanical weathering

  6. Rock Material in Soil • Clay - less than 0.002mm • Composition (parent material)– feldspar • Source – chemical weathering

  7. Which soil is best? • Sandy Soil? • Pro vs. Con • Silty Soil? • Pro vs. Con • Clay Soil? • Pro vs. Con

  8. Soil Sizes • Sand (largest) • Silt • Clay (smallest) • Loam (mix of all 3)

  9. Soil Texture

  10. TAKE OUT YOUR OBJ. NOTESPick up your papers from back

  11. Soil Profile • A cross section of soil showing the different layers (horizons) • Horizons • A (O) • B (E) • C DRAW THIS

  12. SOIL PROFILE • A- HORIZON: Organic material • B-HORIZON: area where nutrients from A are “leaching” down. • C-HORIZON: mostly parent bedrock, unweathered material.

  13. SOIL HORIZONS • A- horizontop soilrich in organicshumus- decaying leaves • B- horizonplant roots anchor here • C- horizonbedrock

  14. Thin A + B lots of chemical weathering, but nutrients are used quickly why? Tropical - Rainforest

  15. thin A + B little nutrients little weathering why? Desert Climate

  16. thin A + B few nutrients little chemical weathering why??? Polar soil

  17. Thick A + B lots of nutrients good farmland lots of chem. + phys. weathering why? Temperate Climate

  18. Importance of soil • Food chain • Filters groundwater • 1 cm = 1,000 years formation • Providing resources for world to survive.

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