CITES

1. CITES ND Animal Management

2. Aim & Objectives • State the purpose of CITES, DWA, Animal Welfare Act & Zoonosis Order • Complete P3 Extension • Animal Welfare Scenarios

3. CITES • Convention on • International • Trade in • Endangered • Species of wild flora & fauna

4. History • First thought of in the 1960’s • Agreed between 80 countries • Came into force July 1975 • Agreement voluntarily entered into by states • Does not take the place of national laws • Member states are legally bound to adopt their own laws to ensure CITES is enforced

5. What is it? • Annual trade in wildlife estimated to be worth billions of dollars (CITES, 2010) • Aims to ensure that trade in flora & fauna does not threaten their survival • Includes hundreds of millions of species • Live animals & plants, food products, musical instruments, timber & medicines

6. How does it work? • All import, export, re-export & introduction of species listed are subject to control • A certificate or permit must be available for inspection when moving listed animals • Species listed in three appendices depending on the protection they need • Appendix I, II & III

7. Appendix I • Species threatened with extinction (800) • No trade in these species • Exceptions in the case of non-commercial trade e.g. scientific & conservation

8. Appendix II • Not threatened with extinction yet but may become so without controls on trade • Licences only granted if it is agreed trade will not be harmful to survival of species • A quota is usually attached, limiting the number of specimens taken • Species include

9. Appendix III • Included on the request of a member country struggling to control exploitation in that species

10. COTES • Control of Trade in Endangered Species Act • This is the legislation in the UK that enforces the principles of the CITES agreement

11. DWA 1976 Dangerous Wild Animals Act 1976

12. What is it’s purpose? • The early 1970’s saw an increase in a fashion for keeping dangerous animals as pets. • Main purpose of act is to protect people from dangers associated with keeping wild animals • Also intends to protect the general public

13. How does it work? • DEFRA made a list of animals considered too dangerous to be kept by general public • Animals on list include:

14. How does it work? • People wishing to keep an animal on the list must apply to their local authority for a licence • Licences are only granted if • Animals accommodation is adequate & secure • Applicant is a suitable person • Public safety is protected

15. Costs and things • A licence will last between 1-2 years depending on issuing authority • Cost also varies but is likely to be over £100 + vet inspection fees • You must have licence before acquiring an animal on the list • A licence will usually have conditions attached to it covering issues such as notification of movement & correct disposal of dead animals.

16. Punishments • Maximum penalty under Animal Welfare Act is a £20 000 fine & 51 weeks imprisonment. • Maximum penalty under DWA is a £5000 fine

17. Zoonosis Order 1989 • Requires all instances of BSE and/or salmonella to be reported to a DEFRA officer • Officers have powers of full access and can order the slaughter of the flock/herd. • Also have the power to order the cleaning & disinfection of premises, vehicles & equipment.

18. Zoonoses Order 1989 • Bird of every species & any kind of mammal except man, any four footed beast which is not a mammal • Organisms covered: • Salmonella sp. • Brucella sp.

19. Zoonoses Order 1989 If, on inspection, these organisms are found and, in the opinion of Ministers, human health is at risk, inspectors have the power to order cleaning (of rooms, equipment, vehicles etc.) suspend movement, destruction of animals.