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Cognitive Approach to Abnormality

Cognitive Approach to Abnormality. Miss Norris. What is Cognition. Perception Observation Understanding Thinking. Rational. The way we perceive, reason and judge the world around us. Objectives. You should understand by the end of this lesson that are

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Cognitive Approach to Abnormality

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  1. Cognitive Approach to Abnormality Miss Norris

  2. What is Cognition Perception Observation Understanding Thinking Rational The way we perceive, reason and judge the world around us.

  3. Objectives You should understand by the end of this lesson that are • Cognitive distortion (dysfunctional thought process) eg; • Cognitive defences - (absence of sufficient thinking/planning)

  4. Cognitive Structures isseeing an object in just one way (schema) Eg: the way you see spiders (negative/postive) • Cognitive Content is about the material we are thinking about being processed, E.g; we may only concentrate on the negative. • Cognitive Process is about the operation being personal to you, you try something new, you suck at it “I cant do it”. Not I cant do it yet… • Cognitive products reaching the end conclusion “things are always going to be like this” eg depression. Or faulty thinking processing.

  5. Basic Principles

  6. Basic Principles Abnormality is caused by faulty thinking Can you think of some examples of faulty thinking?

  7. Abnormality is caused by faulty thinking • Cognitive factors direct behaviour; abnormal behaviours must arise from distorted thinking. • Focus is not on the actual problem but the way an individual thinks about it. Depression (negative thoughts Nobody likes me everybody's hates me)

  8. Ellis Model 1962 • The ABC model… • A – Activating event • B – The belief • C – Consequence

  9. The individual is always in control • Unlike the other approaches • the individual can control their aims, behaviours, thoughts and so abnormality is caused by faulty control and faulty thinking.

  10. Strengths • explains people who suffer from abnormalities, it explains the reason why there is evidence of maladaptive thinkingeg- anorexia nervosa. • Also in therapy the client takes part in the therapy and makes their own decisions, empowering them.

  11. WEAKNESS • Blame suggests the patient is responsible which may mean situation factors are over looked, eg; • Consequence or cause eg; do thoughts and beliefs cause mental disorders or do mental disorders cause faulty thinking. • Irrational beliefs may be realistic. Alloy + Abrahamson (1979) suggested that depressive realists tend to see things for what they are and gave more accurate estimates of likelihood of a disaster ‘The sadder but wiser effect’.

  12. Examples and ApplicationsCognition and anorexia • anorexic’s will think they look unattractive and/or overweight. • This explains why only some dieters develop anorexia all are exposed to the same models (SLT) but only those with faulty thinking progress to excessive weight loss.

  13. Bemis – vitousek and orimoto • An example of the faulty in thought processing is in anorexic’s. This belief that dieting is a way of exercising and self control, but at the same time most anorexic’s know that they are out of control and therefore, they are thinking about dieting in the wrong way (using it as excuse)

  14. Research METHODS Experiments • Depression is in part a fault thinking process Thase et al (2007), Cognitive therapy is less effective than antidepressant medication and was tolerated by patients. Meta Analysis Smith and Glass (1977) said cognitive therapies are the second highest success rate among different forms of psychology for .

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