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CONCERNS IN CONDUCTING ETHNOGRAPHIES. How do you negotiate your way into a situation; how to minimize threat. Timing the point of entry. Finding a role for yourself. To be a participant observer or non-participant observer?
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CONCERNS IN CONDUCTING ETHNOGRAPHIES • How do you negotiate your way into a situation; how to minimize threat. • Timing the point of entry. • Finding a role for yourself. • To be a participant observer or non-participant observer? • How to maintain naturalism and to avoid people playing to what they perceive are your expectations of them. • How to retain your distance from those involved. • How to gain access to certain ‘difficult’ groups. • Who to regard as key/important informants. • How to record multiple perspectives and multiple realities.
CONCERNS IN CONDUCTING ETHNOGRAPHIES • How to address emic and etic approaches. • Who owns the data; how much control do respondents/participants have over the data; when does ownership pass from the respondents/participants to the researcher? • How to write up the report. • What if the researcher sees what the respondents/ participants do not see? • Reactivity of participants (Hawthorne effect). • Halo effect. • Focusing on the known/familiar only. • Consider generalizability.