Personal Health & Physical Activity

1. Personal Health & Physical Activity Mr. Ramos

2. Lesson 1: Health Services and Sources • Objectives • Explain the reasons to have a physical examination. • Describe how to care for your teeth, eyes, and ears. • Explain health problems and treatment related to your teeth, eyes, and ears. • Discuss when and how to seek medical help.

3. The Physical Exam • A physical examination is a series of tests and observations to measure a person’s health status. • Health History • Examination of body parts • Blood and Urine Tests

4. Reasons to Have a Physical Exam • Physical exams should be done once each year. • Physical exams give you, your family, & your physician a record of your health status over several years. • The Physical Exam: • Measure height, weight, blood pressure, & pulse • Check eyes, mouth, neck, throat, & ears • Check lungs & heart • Press down on your abdomen to feel for enlargement of the liver or spleen • Examine skin for changes

5. Caring for Your Teeth • Prevention is the effort to keep something from happening or becoming worse. • Brush and floss your teeth after each meal. • Dental plaque is an invisible, sticky film composed of bacteria, food, and saliva that forms on teeth & contributes to tooth decay.

6. Caring for Your Teeth • Dental caries, or tooth decay, are caused when bacteria destroy tooth enamel. • Dental caries leads to holes on teeth called cavities. • Make sure your toothpaste contains fluoride. • Visit dentists for clean-ups every 6 months.

7. Caring for Your Teeth • Wear a mouth guard for sports & seat belt in car. • An orthodontist is a dentist who specializes in straightening teeth.

8. Caring for Your Eyes • Wear sunglasses outdoors to protect your eyes. • Have enough light indoors when reading, using the computer, or watching T.V. • Myopia is nearsightedness. You can see objects nearby but not those that are far. • Hyperopia is farsightedness. You can see objects far away but not those that are near. • Astigmatism is an irregular shape of the cornea causing blurred vision.

9. Caring for Your Eyes • An ophthalmologist is a physician who specializes in the care and treatment of the eye. • An optometrist is a health care professional who tests vision and prescribes corrective lenses.

10. Caring for Your Ears • Protect your ears from loud sounds by keeping the volume low when using headphones & electronic devices. • Use earplugs at concerts and when operating loud machinery. • Use a cotton swab to clean gently around the outer surface of the ear. • Do not place any object inside the ear canal.

11. Caring for Your Ears • An audiologist is a health care professional who tests hearing ability and helps correct hearing loss. • Otitis media is an infection of the middle ear that causes pain & sometimes fever. A physician may prescribe antibiotics.

12. Preventing & Treating Disease • A vaccine is a dead or weakened pathogen that is introduced into the body to prevent disease. • Vaccines force the body to produce antibodies to fight pathogens. • You can reduce diseases: • Vaccination • Eating nutritious meals • Exercising • Sleep at least 8 hours

13. Health Services • Allergist: diagnosis & treatment of allergies or immune disorders. • Cardiologist: diagnosis & treatment of heart & blood vessel problems • Dermatologist: diagnosis & treatment of skin, hair, and nail problems. • Gynecologist: diagnosis & treatment of female reproductive problems • Obstetrician: care for women during labor, pregnancy, and delivery • Pediatrician: diagnosis & treatment in children until age 18 or 20s. • Psychiatrist: diagnosis & treatment of mental, emotional, & behavioral problems • Urologist: diagnosis & treatment of urinary tract in males & females, and reproductive tract in males In case of an Emergency, dial 9 1 1

14. Lesson 2:Grooming and Consumer Choices • Objectives: • Explain how to analyze ads for grooming products to make informed consumer decisions. • List good grooming habits, especially for the care of your skin, hair, and nails.

15. Evaluating Ads for Grooming Products • Grooming keeps your body clean and helps you look neat and presentable. • Toothpaste, soap, shampoo, & deodorant • Advertisements, or ads, are announcements designed to persuade people to buy products and services. • A consumer is a person who buys and/or uses products and services. • An endorsement is a public statement of support, usually from a well-known person.

16. Evaluating Ads for Grooming Products • Infomercials are television programs designed to advertise a particular service. • Evaluate ads before you buy grooming products or services. • Think about information that might be missing from an ad.

17. Skin Care • Wash your face at least twice a day. • Remove make-up before going to sleep. • Bathe daily & use deodorant or antiperspirant. • Do not get tattoos or have body parts pierced. • Wear sunscreen with SPF 15 at least 30 minutes before going outside. • Ultraviolet rays can cause sunburn & increase skin cancer.

18. Skin Care • Do not use several skin care products at once. • Do not share products such as deodorant, lipstick, eye makeup, or earrings. • Get at least 8 hrs of sleep. Sleep allows your skin to restore itself. • Acne is a skin disorder in which pored in the skin are clogged with oil & may become infected.

19. Hair Care • Shampoo & condition your hair every day or every other day. • Brush your hair every day to get rid of dust, dead skin cells, and tangles. • Use the low setting on hair dryer or curling iron to minimize hair damage. • Avoid frequent use of hair chemicals. • Control dandruff with antidandruff shampoos. • Dandruff is a condition in which the scalp sheds flakes of dead cells.

20. Hair Care • Avoid sharing hats, combs, or brushes with others to prevent head lice. • Head lice are insects that live on the scalp and cause intense itching.

21. Nail Care • Keep nails clean & dry to prevent bacteria from collecting under. • Trim nails with sharp scissors or clippers. • Trim nails straight across and round slightly at the tip. • Don’t remove the nail’s cuticle. The cuticle is the layer of nonliving skin that surrounds and protects the nails. Gently push back the cuticle after washing your hands. • Don’t overuse nail polish remover. It contains harmful chemicals.

22. Lesson 3:Benefits of Physical Activity • Objectives: • Discuss the ways physical activity improves health. • Identify five kinds of health-related fitness. • Identify types of physical activities and the benefits of these activities for health related fitness. • Explain ways that technology and other resources influence physical activity choices.

23. How Physical Activity can Improve Health • Physical activity is any body movement that requires energy. • The CDC encourages the youth ages 9 – 13 to get 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity 5 days a week. • Exercise is planned physical activity intended to develop or maintain physical fitness. • Physical fitness is the condition of the body that results from regular physical activity.

24. Health Related Fitness • Muscular strength is the ability of muscles to lift, pull, push, kick, and throw with force. • Strong muscles reduce the risk of injury because they provide more support for your joints. • Muscular endurance is the ability to use muscles for an extended period of time. • You can do push ups or pull ups for a longer amount of time.

25. Health Related Fitness • Cardiorespiratory endurance is the ability of the respiratory and circulatory systems to supply oxygen and nutrients to your body during continuous physical activity. • You can spend more time swimming and running without losing your breath. • Flexibility is the ability to bend and move the body’s joints through a full range of motion.

26. Health Related Fitness • Aerobic exercise is a type of exercise in which oxygen is continuously taken in for a period of at least 20 minutes. • Also burns fat • Anaerobic exercise is a type of intense exercise in which the muscles temporarily use up the body’s supply of oxygen, causing the body to rely on other forms of energy. • Anaerobic exercise builds muscle.

27. Choosing Physical Activities • The physical activity you choose depends on several factors: • Are you a team player? • Do you live near mountains or rivers? Basketball is a team of 5 players. Improves muscular & cardiorespiratory endurance. Martial Arts are methods of combat & involve stretching and sparring. In-line skating is an aerobic exercise that improves cardiorespiratory endurance.

28. Choosing Physical Activities • The physical activity you choose depends on several factors: • Are you a team player? • Do you live near mountains or rivers? Cycling refers to riding a bicycle. It improves cardiorespiratory & muscular endurance, strength, & body composition Walking & Hiking improve cardiorespiratory & muscular endurance as well as body composition. Aerobic Dance refers to movements done to music. They can improve muscular & cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, & body composition.

29. Choosing Physical Activities • The physical activity you choose depends on several factors: • Are you a team player? • Do you live near mountains or rivers? Soccer is a team sport where 2 teams of 11 players compete to kick the ball into the opponents net. Soccer is an aerobic exercise. Swimming Lapsinvolves swimming from one end of the pool and back. Swimming increases cardiorespiratory & muscular endurance.

30. Resources & Influences on Physical Activity • After School Programs • Sports team, hiking club, cheerleading squad, marching band, etc… • Youth Organizations • Youth organizations can be found in your local telephone book. • Fitness Centers • For a fee, you can join a fitness center and exercise alone or take group classes.

31. Influence of Technology • Technology may have a positive or negative influence on your level of physical activity. • + influence: running on treadmill • - influence: watching TV all day • Watch for false advertising when purchasing fitness machines. • Do not buy equipment that • Relies on electrical stimulation. • Promises quick results with little effort. • Relies on testimonials or “before” and “after” pictures. • Make sure all claims are backed up by scientific research.