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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Communicable viral disease caused by a new strain of corona virus, which differs considerably in genetic structure from previously recognized coronavirus. Problem statement. Earliest case was detected in china in 2002 by health care worker

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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

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  1. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) • Communicable viral disease caused by a new strain of corona virus, which differs considerably in genetic structure from previously recognized coronavirus.

  2. Problem statement • Earliest case was detected in china in 2002 by health care worker • Spread to Hongkong, Singaporem, Vietnam, taiwan and Toronto • in August 2003, 8422 cases with 916 deaths reported from 30 countries.

  3. Incubation period :-2 to 7 days • Mode of transmission :- close contact with the patient • infected material • Infectious resp. droplets

  4. Case definition • suspect case : - 1. Person presenting with • High fever (38* C) and • Cough or breathing difficulty and one or more of the following exposure during 10 days prior to onset of symptoms • Close contact with a person who is a suspect or probable case of SARS. • History of travel to a SARS affected area. • Residing in an affected area.

  5. 2. A person with an unexplained acute resp. illness resulting in death no autopsy performed and one or more of the following exposure during 10 days prior to onset of symptoms • Close contact with a person who is a suspect or probable case of SARS. • History of travel to a SARS affected area. • Residing in an affected area.

  6. Probable case • 1. a suspect case with radiographic evidence of infiltrates consistence with pneumonia or resp distress syndrome on chest x ray • 2. a suspect with autopsy finding consistence with the pathology of resp distress syndrome without an identifiable cause.

  7. Epidemiological aspects • Maximum virus excretion on 10th days of illness. • Pts is no more infective 10 days after fever has resolved. • Children are rarely affected by SARS. • Not found in infants of mothers who were infected during pregnancy. • International spread has been associated with air travel and crew.

  8. Prevention • Prompt identification of persons with SARS their movt. and contacts • Effective isolation in hospital • Protection of medical staff. • Comprehensive identification and isolation of suspected cases • Exit screening of international travelers • Timely and accurate reporting and sharing of information.

  9. Treatment • No specific treatment • Antiviral agent ribavirin given I.V. with high dose of steroids.

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