Case Study1

1. 1 Strategy Case Study1 ??:Dell Computer ???? ??????????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????�

2. 2 Strategy Case Study2 ?? 2001??????,?????????,???? Compaq ?????:1.5% Apple ?????:0% Gateway ?????:0% Dell ?????:26% Dell Computer???�?????? ???????(B to C) ?????(B to B)

3. 3 Strategy ???? ??(strategy) ???????????????,????????????,???????????????

4. 4 Strategy ??????? ??????? ??????????????????? ??????? ???????????,???????????? ??????? ????????,??????????????? ???? ??????????????,????????????,??????????,??????,??????????????

5. 5 Strategy

6. 6 Strategy ?????(Mission and Goals) ??(Mission) Sets out why the organization exists and what it should be doing. ????(Major goals) Specify what the organization hopesto fulfill in the medium to long term. ????(Secondary goals) Are objectives to be attained that lead to superior performance.

7. 7 Strategy ????(Mission Statement) A formal commitment to stakeholders that the firm�s strategy incorporates and recognizes their claims on the organization. Mission statement elements: A declaration of the overall vision, or mission. A summation of managerial philosophical values. An articulation of key organizational goals.

8. 8 Strategy ???? ????? ????? ??? ??

9. Strategy 9 ?? ?????????? http://www.7-11.com.tw ???????????????,???????????????,????????????

10. 10 Strategy ?? Boeing?? ???????????,????????????? Intel?? ???????????????????? Kodak ?????????????? ??? ??????????????????????????????

11. 11 Strategy ?? ??????�?????�(??? vs. ???)

12. 12 Strategy ???? ????:???????????????�? Intel??25???????12??????????� Apple?A6???(iphon5?ipad3)???????�??????�

13. 13 Strategy ???? ??????????�

14. 14 Strategy ??????? ?????(strategic intent) ????(business definition)

15. 15 Strategy ?? ?????5% vs. ???

16. 16 Strategy

17. 17 Strategy ???????? Provides a sense of direction and purpose. Drives strategic decision making and resource allocations. Forces the seeking of significant performance improvements to attain goals. ??,????????�

18. 18 Strategy ?????????? ???????????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????????

19. 19 Strategy Customer Orientation and Business Definition (Derek F. Abell) Abell�s Frameworkfor Defining theBusiness Consumer-oriented  versus Product-oriented business definition

20. 20 Strategy ???? ????????? Who What How

21. 21 Strategy ??�MONT BLANC ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?�?? ???�?? ??� ?????? ??????�

22. 22 Strategy ?? Smith Corona ???????(????)?1996??? IBM ???????????? Kodak ???????????

23. 23 Strategy ?? ??????? vs. ???? ???? vs. ????� ???????? ?????? ????????????? vs. ????� ???????? vs. ???? ????? vs. ????,?????�

24. Strategy 24 ???? ?????�?????????

25. 25 Strategy ????? ?? ?????????,???????????????????,????????????????????? ?? ??(content):???????????????????????????(important) ??(intensity):???????????????????????(how important it is) ???????????

26. 26 Strategy ??????? ?????????? ?????????

27. 27 Strategy ?? ????? vs. ???� ?? vs. ???

28. 28 Strategy ??1 Johnson & Johnson�s credosets its responsibilities to: J&J product users. �????????� J&J employees. �????????????� Communities in which J&Jemployees live and work. �????????� J&J stockholders. �?????� www.jnj.com

29. 29 Strategy ??2 ?? 1982?Chicago????????Tylenol??? ???? ???1??????? ?????????????????� ?? ?????? ????,???????????????�

30. 30 Strategy ???? ????????! ???????!� ????,????� ?? ???????? ?? vs. ?? ??:?????� ??:???????� ??:???� ?????????? ??????

31. 31 Strategy ?????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????? ????????????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ????? ?????????????????????

32. 32 Strategy ????�?????? ??????????? ?????????? www.shu.edu.tw ???????????????????

33. 33 Strategy ??(Goals) Good goal characteristics: Precise and measurable Address important issues Challenging but realistic Time period specified The overriding organizational goal: Maximizing shareholder returns. Firms need both short- and long-term goals.

34. 34 Strategy ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????

35. 35 Strategy ?? ??????????�

36. 36 Strategy ????? ????(societal goals) ????????????????,?????????� ????(system goals) ??????????????,??????????????� ???? ???????????????,??????????� ???? ??????????????�

37. 37 Strategy ????? ?????????????,???????????? ???????????,????????????? ????????????

38. 38 Strategy ????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????????,?????????????????????

39. 39 Strategy ?? ???:??????????????????�!?(?????) ????????????????????? vs. ??????� (?????) ???:?????????????????�??;???:????????????,?????Fire!?(????)

40. 40 Strategy ??????(goal-setting theory) ??????????????,????????????? ??????????????,???????????????

41. 41 Strategy ??????(SMART) ???�specific ????�measurable ???�attainable ????�result oriented ???�time bound

42. 42 Strategy ????(management by objectives,MBO) ???????????????(team) ?????????? ??????

43. 43 Strategy ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????

44. 44 Strategy ??????? ??????????? ?????????????,??????? ???????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????

45. 45 Strategy ??????? vs. ??????1 ??????? ???? ???????? ?????????????????????

46. 46 Strategy ??????? vs. ??????2 ????????????,??????????????????????(Robert H. Hayes and William J. Abernathy, 1980) ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??

47. 47 Strategy ????(External Analysis) Identify strategic opportunities and threats in the operating environment.

48. 48 Strategy ????? ??(industry) ??????????????????????????????????????? ??(sector) ???????????????? ??,????�???????;??????;?????? ????(market segments) ????????????????,????????????

49. 49 Strategy ????? ???? ?????? vs. ??????? BMW 3???????;5???????;7???????�

50. 50 Strategy ?????? ?????? ????(five forces model) ??????(strategic groups) ????????(industry life cycle model) ?????? ??????

51. 51 Strategy ????(Michael E. Porter) Opportunities and threats are competitive challenges arising for changes in industry conditions. Analytic tools such as the five forces model help managers formulate appropriate strategic responses.

52. 52 Strategy The Five Forces Model

53. 53 Strategy ??????? ???????????????? ????????????????????,??????????? ????????????,??????????????????,???????

54. 54 Strategy ?????(Potential Competitors) ?? ???????????????,???????????????? New entrants into an industry threaten incumbent companies.

55. 55 Strategy ???? ?????????? PDA??????DC?DV�???� ???????????� ??? ??? ??? ??????�

56. 56 Strategy ????(Barriers to entry) Brand loyalty Absolute cost advantages Economies of scale Switching costs Government regulation ???? ??????? Entry barriers reduce the threat of new and additional competition.

57. Strategy 57 ?????????????????????

58. 58 Strategy ?? ???:???????Coca-Cola!!!? Play Station III???�????!!! Iphone 5??????�

59. 59 Strategy ????? ?? ?????????????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????

60. 60 Strategy ???? ?????????�(???????????) ??LV vs. LV?? (?? vs. ?? ??????) ??CD vs. ??CD (?? vs. ??????????) ?????,?????�(??????????)

61. 61 Strategy ?? NOKIA?????????????�(??)

62. 62 Strategy ?????? ??????? ??????????? ????????

63. 63 Strategy ?? ???????�(????) ??????�(??) AMOLED�(??)

64. 64 Strategy ???? ?????????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????

65. 65 Strategy ???? 7-11?POS???????� vs. ???????? Boeing 777??????50????????????? Microsoft Office ????? ????????????????????????

66. 66 Strategy ????????(Rivalry Among Established Companies) ?? ?????????????????????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????�

67. 67 Strategy ???? 3C???????�

68. 68 Strategy ?????????? Industry�s competitive structure. Demand (growth or decline) conditions in industry. Height of industry exit barriers.

69. 69 Strategy ????(Competitive Structure)

70. 70 Strategy ????? ?? ????? ?????,??????? ???????????????????????????? ??,??????????� ?? ???????

71. 71 Strategy ????? ?? ???????????????????????????,?????????(????)? ??????????????,?????????????????????? ??????????????????? ??,???�?

72. 72 Strategy ???? ?? ???????????????????? ??????? ???????????????? ???????? ???? ?????????? ????????,??????????

73. 73 Strategy ?? Federal Express� ????? ????????????????????,???????????�

74. 74 Strategy The Bargaining Power of Buyers ?? ??????????????????,??????????????,?????????????

75. 75 Strategy ????????????? There are many small sellers and few large buyers. Buyers purchase in large quantities. A single buyer is a large customer to a firm. Buyers can switch suppliers at low cost. Buyers purchase from multiple sellers at once. Buyers can easily vertically integrate to compete with suppliers.

76. 76 Strategy ?? ??????????????� ???????? vs. ??????? Internet ????????????�

77. 77 Strategy The Bargaining Power of Suppliers ?? ????????????,?????????????????????????????????

78. 78 Strategy ?????????????? Their products have few substitutes and are important to buyers. The buyer�s industry is not an important customer to the supplier. Differentiation makes it costly for buyers to switch suppliers. Suppliers can vertically integrate forward to compete with buyers and buyers can�t integrate backward to supply their own needs.

79. 79 Strategy ?? ??????? vs. ?LV ????? VIOS vs. MINI

80. 80 Strategy Substitute Products ?? ??????????????????????? The competitive threat of substitute products increases as they come closer to serving similar customer needs.

81. 81 Strategy ?? Ipad vs. ????NOTEBOOK�

82. 82 Strategy A Sixth Force: Complementors Complementors: Companies whose products are sold in tandem with another company�s products. Increased supply of a complementary product collaterally increases demand for the primary product.

83. 83 Strategy ????? Faster CPU chips fuel salesof personal computers. ??? vs. ???? PC vs. software ????? vs. App ???????

84. 84 Strategy ?? Ferrari vs. Benz vs. Toyota

85. 85 Strategy Strategic Groups Within Industries The concept of strategic groups Within an industry, a competitor grouping using similar strategies that differ from other industry groups. Implications of strategic groups The closest industry competitors are those in the group. The various industry groups are differentially and competitively advantaged and positioned. Managers must evaluate whether their company would be better off competing in a different strategic group.

86. 86 Strategy ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????

87. 87 Strategy ????(mobility barriers) ?? ???????????????????? ?? ???? ????

88. 88 Strategy ?? ??????,???????!!

89. 89 Strategy Limitations of the Five Forces and Strategic Group Models Both models are static and ignore innovation. Their focus is on industry and group structures rather than individual companies. Innovation creates change in industry structures, altering thecompetitive environment. Industry structure cannot fully explain the performance differences between industry competitors.

90. 90 Strategy ??????? Michael Porter ????????????????? ?????????,?????????????,????????????? Richard D�Aveni ?????????????????,??????????????(hypercompetitive)?

91. 91 Strategy Punctuated Equilibrium and Competitive Structure

92. 92 Strategy ?? Apple?????? Dell??????? Wal-Mart?????????

93. 93 Strategy ????????? ??????????????10%???(Richard Rumelt)? ????????????,??????????? ?? ??????!�

94. 94 Strategy The Industry Life Cycle Model

95. 95 Strategy ??????????? ?????????????????????? ???????????,?????????,???????????,??????,???????????????

96. 96 Strategy ??????? ?? ????????????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ???????????(know-how)???? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ??,AMOLED?3D???Blue ray�

97. 97 Strategy ??????? ?? ????????????????????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??,????????????????�

98. 98 Strategy ??????? ?? ??????,????????,?????? ??????? ???????????,?????? ???? ??????????????? ??,????LED????�

99. 99 Strategy ??????? ?? ??????,?????????,???????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ????,???? ???? ??????? ??,??????? ?????�

100. 100 Strategy ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????????????? ??,??????????????????????�

101. 101 Strategy ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????????? ?? ????????????? ???????????????? ?????ERP????

102. 102 Strategy ?? ??????? ?????????�

103. 103 Strategy ????(macro environment) ??????????????????????????????????? ??????????,?????Porter?????????????,?????????????????????

104. 104 Strategy ???????? ??(scanning) ???????????,??????????????,?????????? ?? ???????,?????????????? ?? ?? ??????????????????????????

105. 105 Strategy ???? ???????????� ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????

106. 106 Strategy ?????? ????? ???????????????? ?? ????????????????? ??,??????????????� ?? ????????????????,????????????? ???? ???????,???????,????,????????

107. 107 Strategy ???? ???? ????????????????????LED?????3D?? CD?DVD? Blue-ray ???? ???? ? ???? ????? ????� ?? ?????? ???????

108. 108 Strategy ?? Apple?????wintel??????????�

109. 109 Strategy ???? ????????????????? ERP ???? e-learning ????� ???????????? ?? ?? ???? ???? vs. ????

110. 110 Strategy ???? ????? ????????? ???? ???????� ?? ???? ???? ????? ???�

111. 111 Strategy ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????� ?? ????????????????? ???????????

112. 112 Strategy ???? ??????????

113. 113 Strategy ??????? ?? ??? ?????� ?? ????????� ???????????????3%???� ??ECFA�

114. 114 Strategy ??�????????????1 ??? ??????????1998????,????????????,?????20%?????,??????,????? ??? ???1997??????,?????,??????????,?????????,????,???????????

115. 115 Strategy ??�????????????2 ??? ??????????????1997?????????????? ??? ???????,???????????????????????

116. 116 Strategy Globalization and Industry Structure Globalization Globally dispersed production lowers costs and increases quality. Global markets are replacing national markets. Trend implications No isolated national markets More competitors, more intense competition More rapid innovation and shorter product life cycles More opportunities

117. 117 Strategy ?? ???? vs. NIKE� ???? vs. Coca-Cola� ??? vs. ??� Mcdonald�s vs. ???�

118. 118 Strategy The Nation-State and Competitive Advantage The determinants of competitive advantage (Michael Porter):

119. 119 Strategy ????(the diamond)1 ???? ???? ??????????? ????????????????� ???? ????????????????(????????�) ???????????????? ???? ???????????,?????????? ??????? ????????????????????

120. 120 Strategy ????(the diamond)2 ?????????? ??????????????,?????????????? ???????????????????,??????????? ???? ??????????????�??????? ???????????�????????? ??????�?????????? ?????????????????????�???????

121. Strategy 121 ??????????????????????????

122. 122 Strategy ?? ????????????????????� ????????????... WiMAX vs. LTE

123. 123 Strategy ??�???????????

124. Strategy 124 ???? ????� ????????????

125. 125 Strategy

126. 126 Strategy ???? Competitive advantage is a firm�s ability to outperform its competitors (earn higher profits). Sustained competitive advantage comes from maintaining higher profits than competitors over long periods of time.

127. 127 Strategy ???????????(Distinctive Competencies, Resources, and Capabilities)1 The roots of competitive advantage:

128. 128 Strategy ???????????2 ????? ????????????????????????,????????,???????????? ???????? ?? ??

129. 129 Strategy ?? Tangible Land Buildings Plant Equipment Intangible Brand names Reputation Patents Technological or marketing know-how

130. 130 Strategy ???????? ?????????????? ???????????(valuable)

131. 131 Strategy ?? ???????????,??????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????????????? ???????????�??

132. 132 Strategy ?????????? Unique resources and capabilities ??,Intel?Microsoft�? Common resources and unique capabilities. ??,TOYOTA�?

133. 133 Strategy ??????? The relationship between strategies and resources and capabilities:

134. 134 Strategy ?? Walt Disney(?????) ??????????�??????????????????????????????????? Xerox(?????) ????????????????????????????�

135. 135 Strategy ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????

136. 136 Strategy ????

137. 137 Strategy ?????(consumer surplus) ????????????????????????????

138. 138 Strategy Comparing Toyota and General Motors

139. 139 Strategy

140. 140 Strategy ?? ????????????????�? ?????�?? ????????�! ???? vs. ??????

141. 141 Strategy ??????? ??? ????? ??,???�???????????????�

142. 142 Strategy ???????

143. 143 Strategy ???(The Value Chain)1 ????????????????????? ???????? ????(primary activities) ????(support activities)

144. 144 Strategy ???(The Value Chain)

145. 145 Strategy ?? ???????TOYOTA??????(??�??????????(???)) ?????????(??�???????) ?????,?????(??�?????????) ???????????(??�?????) E-learning�(????�????????) ipad2???????????????(?????????)

146. 146 Strategy ??????????

147. 147 Strategy ?? ????(design capacity; DC) ????????????????,????????(ideal capacity)????????,???????,????????????????? ????(effective capacity ; EFC) ????????????????????????????????????????????? ????(actual output; AO) ?????????????????????

148. 148 Strategy ???/??/???

149. 149 Strategy Dimensions of Quality(David Garvin, 1987)1 Performance Will the product do the intended job? ?????????? Durability How long does the product last? Aesthetics What does the product look like? Conformance to standards Is the product made exactly as the designer intended?

150. 150 Strategy Dimensions of Quality(David Garvin, 1987)2 Features What does the product do? ??????,????????,?????????? Serviceability How easy is it to repair the product? Perceived Quality What is the reputation of the company or its product? Reliability How often does the product fail?

151. 151 Strategy ????????

152. 152 Strategy ?? ??????????????????� Taxi ????TOYOTA???????�

153. 153 Strategy ?? ?? ?????????????,??????????????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????

154. 154 Strategy ?? Xerox�??? Intel�???? Sony�????CD ?SACD ? Blue-ray ?????????????????????? MRP?ERP?ERPII� ?????????????? ???????????????????????????

155. 155 Strategy ?? ???? ????????????

156. 156 Strategy

157. 157 Strategy ?? Intel vs. AMD ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????�

158. 158 Strategy ???? ??+??+?????????

159. 159 Strategy ??????(??)??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???????�

160. 160 Strategy ??????????????????? ?? ?????(??,????????) ???? ?? ?? ???????�

161. 161 Strategy ?? 1996?(??)?????? ??????,??10?? ????,?~??,??32?? ?? vs. ??? ?????ATM?????� ?????????

162. 162 Strategy ????????????????????????

163. 163 Strategy Analyzing Competitive Advantage and Profitability1 ?????????????????,???????????????,????????????? ???????????�???????(Return on invested capital)

164. 164 Strategy Analyzing Competitive Advantage and Profitability2 ROIC=(??/???)?(???/????) =??????????? ?????(return on sales) ?????????????????? ?????(capital turnover) ?????????????????????

165. 165 Strategy Definitions of Basic Accounting Terms

166. 166 Strategy Drivers of Profitability (ROIC)

167. 167 Strategy Ways to Increase ROIC Increase the company�s return on sales Reduce cost of goods sold Reduce spending on sales force, marketing, general, and administrative expenses Reduce R&D spending Increase sales revenue more than costs Increase sales revenues from invested capital Reduce the amount of working capital Reduce amount of fixed capital

168. 168 Strategy ?? ??? vs. ??? ?????????:??????????? ? ? ???? vs. ????

169. 169 Strategy

170. 170 Strategy ???????????? Barriers to imitation Capability of Competitors Industry dynamism

171. 171 Strategy ???? ?? ?????????????????? ??????,??????????? ????? ???? ????�????? ????�????? ????�????

172. 172 Strategy ?? 1970??Toyota Production System? Lean Production ?Agile Manufactures(????) Coca-Cola??????,???????????????????,????????,??????????????????1000????(????) Diet Pepsi ? Diet Coke(????) ?? vs. 60%??????????????????????(????) Michael Jordan????so so(??)

173. 173 Strategy ?????? ?????????????????????? ????(strategic commitment) ????(absorptive capacity)

174. 174 Strategy ???? ????????????????????? ?? 1945?~1975?,?????????????? ????????????????????????????

175. 175 Strategy ???? ???????????????????

176. 176 Strategy

177. 177 Strategy ??????? ????????????????????????? ??,?????? Apple?IBM?Compaq?Dell?HP? Apple �

178. 178 Strategy ??????? ??(Inertia) ?????????????,???????????? ?????? ?????????????????,???????????????????? ???????(Prior strategic commitments) ??(The Icarus paradox) ????????????????????(Danny Miller)

179. 179 Strategy ????�???????? ????(??) ????�(??) ????(??????) ???????�(??????)

180. 180 Strategy ???????(Danny Miller) (The Icarus paradox) ???(craftsmen) ????????????????? ?????????,????????????? (Ken Olson,Digital Equipment Corp.) ???(builders) ??,?????,?????? ???(pioneers) ??????????,??????????? ??? ???????????,???????????????

181. 181 Strategy ?? nEXT?PC (???) PSIII(???) MONTBLANC??????(???) ??????� (???) ???8800 (???????) ????????????(???)

182. 182 Strategy ?????????????? Focus on the building blocks of competitive advantage. ????????????? Institute continuous improvement and learning. Track best industrial practice and use benchmarking. Overcome inertia

183. 183 Strategy Strengths and Weaknesses Opportunities and Threats(SWOT Analysis) SWOT and Strategic Choice

184. 184 Strategy ??????(Functional-Level Strategies) Focus is on improving the effectiveness of operations within a company. Manufacturing Marketing Materials management Research and development Human resources

185. 185 Strategy ?? ?3000?300�(??) ??????�(??) E-learning�(????) ??????�(??)

186. 186 Strategy ???????????? ??????(cost leadership) ?????(differentiation) ??????????(Cost Leadership and Differentiation) ???????(focus low-cost) ???????(focus differentiation)

187. 187 Strategy ?? ?????�(????) ???***??,??????�(????) ????????�(???) ?????�(???) ??????????�(???) ???�(???) ???,?????�(???) ???�(???????)

188. 188 Strategy Cost Leadership Advantages (five forces) Protected from industry competitors by cost advantage Less affected by increased prices of inputs if there are powerful suppliers Less affected by a fall in price of inputs if there are powerful buyers Purchases in large quantities increase bargaining power over suppliers Ability to reduce price to compete with substitute products Low costs and prices are a barrier to entry

189. 189 Strategy Cost Leadership Disadvantages Competitors may lower their cost structures Competitors may imitate the cost leader�s methods Cost reductions may affect demand

190. 190 Strategy Differentiation Advantages (five forces) Customers develop brand loyalty Powerful suppliers are not a problem because the company is geared more toward the price it can charge than its costs Differentiators can pass price increases on to customers Powerful buyers are not a problem because the product is distinct Differentiation and brand loyalty are barriers to entry The threat of substitute products depends on competitors� ability to meet customer needs

191. 191 Strategy Differentiation Disadvantages Difficulty in maintaining long-term distinctness in customers� eyes Agile competitors can quickly imitate Patents and first-mover advantage are limited Difficulty of maintaining premium price ??,???????� Kindle fire??199??�

192. 192 Strategy Types of Business-level Strategies

193. 193 Strategy ???????(????) �???????? ???????? (???) ??????????? (???) ????????? (????????) ????????? (????????) ?????? (???????) ????(???????????????�)

194. 194 Strategy ????????�?? ???????? SONY?3C??;?????� ??????????? MONTBLANC vs. PARKER� ????????? ?? vs. ????� ????????? SEVEN ELEVEn vs. ??? ?????? SEVEN ELEVEn vs. ???

195. 195 Strategy ??????? �????? ????????????,????? ????????(???????????�) ?????????????,????????????????????????

196. 196 Strategy ????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????????????????????? ??????????????

197. 197 Strategy ?????????(?) ???? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????

198. 198 Strategy ?????????(?) ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????

199. 199 Strategy ????

200. 200 Strategy ??????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????????????? ??????????????? ???? ???????????,??????????????

201. 201 Strategy ?????(Global-Level Strategies) Multidomestic(?????) International(???) Global(???) Transnational(??)

202. 202 Strategy ?? ?????????�(?????) Giant??????�(???) ??Pizza� ?????� ?????????�(???)

203. 203 Strategy ??(??)????Corporate-Level Strategies Vertical integration(????) Diversification(???) Strategic alliances(????) Acquisitions(??) New ventures(?????) Business portfolio restructuring(??????)

204. 204 Strategy ??�???? www.7-11.com.tw ???? ??????(???) ????? ??21??�. ??? ????(????) ????(??????) ???(????)� ????? ????(????) ????(??????) ????(????) ????(????)� ????? ?????? ????(????) ????(POS??????) ????(????) ??????(?????????)

205. 205 Strategy ????????(????????)(Boston Consulting Group Model,BCG??)

206. 206 Strategy ???????? ??:?????,???? ??:?????,????? ????:?????,????????,??????????? ?:?????,????

207. 207 Strategy ??????(BCG)????? ??????????????,???????????,???????????

208. 208 Strategy ??????(BCG)????? ??????????????????,???????? ??�????Mont Blanc?????�??? ?????????????????�??????????????? ????????????????????????�?? GM?????????????????????�

209. 209 Strategy ????(Strategy Implementation) Designing organizational structure Designing control systems Market and output controls Bureaucratic controls Control through organizational culture Rewards and incentives Matching strategy, structure, and controls Congruence (fit) among strategy, structure, and controls Managing Strategic Change

210. 210 Strategy ???????(Managing Strategic Change) The only constant is change. Success requires adapting strategy and structure to a changing world. The feedback loop in strategic planning.

211. 211 Strategy ????????? Strategy making in an unpredictable world Creates the necessity for flexible strategic approaches. Strategy making by lower-level managers Strategy evolves through autonomous action. Serendipity and strategy Accidental discoveries and happenstances can have dramatic effects on strategic direction. Intended and emergent strategies Realized strategies are combinations of intended and emergent strategies.

212. 212 Strategy ????????? ????(intended strategy) ????????????????? ????(emergent strategy) ???????????????

213. 213 Strategy ?? 3M?Scotch Guard 3M???? Honda????????????????

214. 214 Strategy ????(Intended Strategies)?????(Emergent Strategies)

215. 215 Strategy ????????????????

216. 216 Strategy ???????????? Planning under uncertainty Scenario planning for dynamic environmental change Ivory tower planning Lack of contact with operational realities The importance of involving operating managers Procedural justice in the decision-making process Planning for the present: Strategic Intent Recognition of the static nature of the strategic fit model Strategic intent in focusing the organization on winning by achieving stretch goals

217. 217 Strategy ???? ?????????????� ???????� ?????� ?????????�

218. 218 Strategy Procedural Justice Meaning The extent to which the dynamics of a decision-making process are judged to be fair. Criteria Engagement means involving individuals in the decision-making process, both by asking them for their input and by allowing them to refute the merits of one another�s ideas and assumptions. ??,?????�? Explanation means that everyone involved and affected should be told the underlying rationale for strategic decisions, and explanations should be given as to why the ideas and inputs of individuals may have been overridden in reaching a decision. Expectations requires that before, during, and after strategic decisions are made managers have a solid understanding of what is expected of them and what the new �rules of the game� are.

219. 219 Strategy ?? ?????????????????General Electric??????????�(Ivory tower planning) ??????????????,???????� (Strategic Intent) ???? vs. ??????

220. 220 Strategy ??????(Strategic Managers) General managers Responsible for the overall (strategic) performance and health of the total organization. Operations managers Responsible for specific business,functions or operations.

221. 221 Strategy Strategic Managers for All Levels

222. 222 Strategy ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????? ????????????????(??)????? ?????

223. 223 Strategy ?????????? ?????????????????,??????,???????????

224. 224 Strategy ?????????? ???????,??????????????????????????

225. 225 Strategy ?????(Strategic Leadership) Meaning ??????????????,?????????????? Key characteristics of good leaders Vision, eloquence, and consistency Commitment to the vision Being well informed Willingness to delegate and empower Astute use of power Emotional intelligence

226. 226 Strategy ?? John F. Kennedy ???????????,?????????? ?(Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.) Martin Luther King, Jr. ?????(I Have a Dream.)

227. 227 Strategy ????(emotional intelligence; EI) ?? ?????????????????????????????????? ???? ????(self-awareness):?????????? ????(self-management):????????????? ????(self-motivation):???????,????????? ???(empathy):?????????????? ????(social skills):???????????????

228. 228 Strategy ???????? Cognitive biases systematically influence the rationality of decision makers.

229. 229 Strategy ?? ?????????????????(????) ??? vs. ?????(????) ????,??????????,?????(???) ???????????????(????)

230. 230 Strategy ?????(Balance Scorecard) Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton ????????????????????????????????,???????????

231. 231 Strategy ???????�**??1

232. 232 Strategy ???????�**??2

233. 233 Strategy ????1 ???? ?? ??????????????????????,?????????�? ?? ?????????????????� ?? ????????????????????�

234. 234 Strategy ????2 ???? ?? ???????????,??????????,?????????????????�? ?? ?????????????????�? ?? ??????�

235. 235 Strategy ????3 ???? ?? ????????,???????????? ?? ???????????????� ?? ?? vs. ???� ????

236. 236 Strategy Case Study�Southwest Airlines1 ??????? 1978???????,?1993???29?,?????????? 1990?1992??,?????71???? Southwest Airlines 1992????1.05? ?? ??? ??? ?????(????)

237. 237 Strategy Case Study�Southwest Airlines2 ??? ??15?,??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????????????????? ?????�?? ????? ?? ????(????) ??????