Mobile Broadband Wireless Access

1. Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Samiseppo Aarnikoivu Juha Winter T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

2. Contents • Introduction 3 • Mobile Broadband Technologies 4 • Regulation Aspects 11 • Current Market Situation 13 • Vendor Strategies 16 • Future Development 18 • Conclusions 19 T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

3. Introduction • Emerging telecommunications applications need broadband capabilities • multimedia streaming, music download, on-line gaming, content browsing etc. • Delivering these services effectively and affordably to the rural and mobile users is a key question • Wireless WANs are seen as the solution • Truly mobile broadband requires at least: • low latency • transfer speed exceeding 256 kbit/s • seamless handovers between adjacent cells T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

4. Mobile Broadband Technologies • a number of different BWA technologies for both fixed and mobile applications • proprietary or open standards based • varying maturity and availability • already on the market vs. incomplete specification • scope of our paper • WiMAX, mobile WiMAX, IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and 3G (including HSDPA and TDD) T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

5. WiMAX • specified in IEEE Std 802.16-2004 • non-line-of-sight (NLoS) and line-of-sight (LoS) operation • wide range of frequencies • both licensed and unlicensed bands • radio interface based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) • enables data rates theoretically up to 75 Mbit/s with 20 MHz channel bandwidth, reality closer to 2 Mbit/s over 510 km T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

6. Mobile WiMAX • specified in IEEE Std 802.16e-2005 • operates in the 2 to 6 GHz range using channel bandwidth ranging from 1.25 to 10 MHz • adds seamless mobility to WiMAX • in competition with 3G cellular systems • radio interface based on scalable OFDMA  even better link budget than with WiMAX/OFDM • data rates theoretically up to 30 Mbit/s @ 10 MHz • Korean variant: WiBro • expected terminal availability by late 2006, wide scale deployments not until 2008 T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

7. IEEE 802.20 • a standardization effort by IEEE Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Working Group • efficient packet based air interface optimized for the transport of IP based services • goal: enable worldwide deployment of affordable, always-on, and interoperable BWA networks for both business and residential end user markets • similar to mobile WiMAX • operation in licensed bands below 3.5 GHz • peak user data rates exceeding 1 Mbit/s at speeds of up to 250 km/h • specification process not complete T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

8. Flash-OFDM • ”Fast Low-latency Access with Seamless Handoff OFDM”, proprietary technology developed by Flarion Technologies, acquired by Qualcomm • radio interface based on OFDM in 1.25 MHz channels, frequency hopping utilized • operation in licensed frequency bands (e.g., 450 MHz, 700 MHz, 800 MHz, 1.9 GHz, and 2.1 GHz) • all-IP based network, low latency and enhanced QoS support • user data rates of 1 to 1.5 Mbit/s in DL and around 300 to 500 kbit/s in UL, typical latency 50 ms T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

9. 3G • 3G cellular systems are currently the most widely deployed mobile broadband technology with a huge established presence • HSDPA is a tremendous performance upgrade for UMTS packet data, enabling peak data rates up to 14.4 Mbit/s, although the initial limit is 1.8 Mbit/s • 3GPP specifications also include a TDD version of UMTS where Tx and Rx functions alternate in time • TDD requires only one band instead of two bands and a further guard band in FDD • UMTS TDD is also known as TD-CDMA and has been commercialized by the vendor IP Wireless T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

10. Key Metrics T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

11. Regulation Aspects, 1/2 • Almost all current BWA technologies are designed to operate in licensed frequency bands, although the available bands for them may differ across countries and regions • Licensed bands allow operators to manage frequency planning • For unlicensed bands, different techniques are needed • Although CSMA is sufficient for Wi-Fi, a much more stringent radio access control mechanism is necessary for WiMAX T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

12. Regulation Aspects, 2/2 • The selection of operating frequency affects not only cell radius but consequently also cost of coverage • Lower frequency bands such as 450 and 700 MHz are attractive for nationwide BWA deployments T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

13. Current Market Situation, 1/3 • Finland • First WiMAX networks were deployed in the rural areas of North Ostrobothnia and Pirkanmaa during the first half of 2005, similar deployments followed later in South Savo • UMTS FDD networks operated by TeliaSonera, Elisa, and DNA – Elisa with HSDPA capabilities • UMTS TDD license granted to SkyWeb • Flash-OFDM 450 MHz operating license granted to Digita in June 2006, deployment in progress T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

14. Current Market Situation, 2/3 • Europe • WiMAX deployments in the UK and Sweden • HSDPA trials on-going, mass deployments to follow • Middle East and Africa • growth market for 3G, Kuwait already running HSDPA • Americas • WiMAX in many major US cities, in Canada over 100 rural/ urban areas covered, in Colombia • HSDPA adopted by Cingular Wireless in the US, otherwise mostly dormant interest especially in Latin America • Asia Pacific • WiBro roll-outs in South Korea, Taiwan to follow • HSDPA upgrades in Japan T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

15. Current Market Situation, 3/3 • 3G and fixed WiMAX are off to a good start in the developed markets, but many operators are faced with the difficult decision whether to wait for mobile WiMAX certified products T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

16. Vendor Strategies, 1/2 • Chipset providers, infrastructure vendors and handset vendors all have varying approaches T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

17. Vendor Strategies, 2/2 • Many vendors think that there is room for both technologies T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

18. Future Development • 3GPP Release 6 • HSUPA provides 5.76 Mbit/s uplink and RTT of ~50 ms • Trials are expected to begin gradually and commercial deployment will happen in 2007 • Medium-term enhancements • MIMO (3GPP Release 7 as well as WiMAX) • Network architecture improvements • Mobile IP & SIP • 3GPP LTE (Release 8) • Peak data rates of 200 Mbit/s for downlink and 100 Mbit/s for uplink T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

19. Conclusions • Mobile broadband wireless access is strongly entering the consumer markets • Both HSDPA and mobile WiMAX enjoy widespread support among leading vendors and operators • Proprietary solutions such as Flash-OFDM are more likely to end up as niche solutions • Finland will provide an interesting reference market with all the major technologies represented • User experience is the focus area • Consumers need not know what network they are using as long as their services work • Driving the vision of complementary access methods T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business

20. Thank You! Questions? T-109.7510 Research Seminar on Telecommunications Business