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Internet Shopping/Banking. Cryptographic Algorithms and Architectures for System-on-Chip M. McLoone, C. McIvor, J. McCanny, C. McGrath, P. Moore, N. Smyth. Networks. High-Speed Security is Vital for today’s Real-time Communications Applications. Broadband Wireless.
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InternetShopping/Banking Cryptographic Algorithms and Architectures for System-on-Chip M. McLoone, C. McIvor, J. McCanny, C. McGrath, P. Moore, N. Smyth Networks High-Speed Security is Vital for today’s Real-time Communications Applications Broadband Wireless Satellite Communications • DESIGN TECHNIQUES • Algorithm manipulation – unified algorithms • Pipelining / Sub-pipelining techniques • Computer Arithmetic techniques • Use onboard memory, embedded mults • Use Shift-register design approach HQ Software is too slow=> Need Hardware Acceleration MilitaryAd Hoc NetworkScenario • RSA • Most widely used public key algorithm • Unique Carry Free Addition Solution • 1024-bit modulus - Encryption rate: 4.6 Mbps • 1024-bit modulus - Decryption rate: 388 Kbps • Fastest reported in literature [2003] • (Equiv Software: 150 Kbps: 64-bit MIPS processor) • Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) • US Federal Encryption Standard since 2001 • One of First Encryption & Decryption Architectures[2001] • Pre-computation of complex operations – 12 Gbps [2001](Equiv Software: 325 Mbps: 933 MHz PIII processor) • Novel on-the-flyAES Decryption Key generation technique – avoids traditional delay [2001] • Multi-functional AES Architecture – supports 3 required key lengths, Encryption & Decryption, Feedback & Non-feedback modes of operation [2002] • MODULAR MULTIPLICATION • Most common operation in public key encryption • Use of embedded multipliers on silicon device • Word-wise method rather than traditional bit-wise • First reported hardware architectures of these methods [2004] • State-machine based methodology for ease of implementation [2004] • SHACAL-2 • EU Encryption Standard since 2003 • First reported performance metrics – 26 Gbps [2003] • Decryption algorithms derived [2003] • Fastest Encryption Algorithm currently available • MODULAR INVERSION • Important operation in public key cryptography • Two single algorithms exist for Classical Modular Inverse & Montgomery Modular Inverse • Developed a single, unified version [2004] • Saving of 33% in the number of Montgomery Multiplications, 50% reduction in area • WLAN SECURITY • Novel IEEE802.11i WLAN solution [2004] • Supports ALL WLAN security protocols eg WEP, TKIP • Backwards compatible & future upgrade ablility • ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOSYSTEMS (ECCs) • Next generation of public key cryptography • Hardware Accelerator combines Modular Mult & Inversion techniques above • 256-bit scalar point multiplication in 3.84 ms • Fastest reported in literature [2004] • PRIVATE KEY RISC MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE • Novel design comprising DES & AES coprocessors, extended cryptographic instruction set & AES specific instructions (GF Multiplication) [2005]