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New physics & exotic hadron searches @

New physics & exotic hadron searches @. BESIII. SuperBelle. &. S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨. BEPCII & SuperKEKB. ARES RF(LER ). ARES RF(HER ). L=2x10 35 cm -2 s -1 (2012) 8x10 35 cm -2 s -1 (2017). SuperKEKB & BEPCII each provide 10x luminosity increases over the current state-of-the-art.

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New physics & exotic hadron searches @

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  1. New physics & exotic hadron searches @ BESIII SuperBelle & S. L. Olsen 스티픈 올슨

  2. BEPCII&SuperKEKB ARES RF(LER) ARES RF(HER) L=2x1035cm-2s-1 (2012) 8x1035cm-2s-1 (2017)

  3. SuperKEKB & BEPCII each provide 10x luminosity increases over the current state-of-the-art Super KEKB BEPCII CLEO-c 2010

  4. BESIII & Super Belle • 1 T SC solenoid: sp/p ~ 0.5% @ p~1GeV • p/K separation up to 1.2 GeV • CsI (~90% x 4p) sm(p0gg) ~4 MeV • Muon detection ~80% x 4p pm>0.5 GeV • Si strip/pixel vertex detector sz~70mm • 1.5 T SC solenoid: sp/p ~ 0.3% @ p~1GeV • p/K separation up to ~4 GeV • CsI (~90% x 4p) sm(p0gg) ~4 MeV • Muon detection ~80% x 4p pm>0.5 GeV Both are modern, state-of-the-art detectors

  5. Physics at BESIII & SuperBelle • New physics searches • Tests of SM predictions for processes with heavy virtual particles • Search for decays that are forbidden in SM • tmg • J/ym+e- • … • Exotic hadron physics • XYZ particles +Winos? +Squarks? H+? quark-gluon hybrids? u c c c u c tetraquarks?

  6. New Physics Searches • Need SM processes that: • involve massive virtual particles • where SM prediction is precise and reliable • CP-violating phases • F-B asymmetry in BK*l+l- • 0- meson: P+l+n decays • CP violation in the c-quark sector • …

  7. CP-violating phases (SM predictions for CPV phases are uneffected by QCD Corrections & are, in principle at least, robust.)

  8. SM: CP violation phase is all in the CKM flavor-mixing matrix CPV phases are in the corners * Vub f3 u b W+ f1 Vtd d t W+

  9. f1: Interfere BfCPwith BBJ/yKS Vcb has no KM phase J/y Vcb B0 KS  + V*2 td Vtd has a KM phase f1 J/y sin2f1 V* Vtb Vcb td B0 B0 B0 KS V* Vtb td td

  10. “principle” of f1 measurement Flavor-tag decay (B0 or B0 ?) J/ e _ “entangled” BB e t=0 KS z sin21 more B tags more B tags This is for CP=-1; for CP=+1, the asymmetry is opposite

  11. B0 tag _ B0 tag B-Factory results sin2f1= 0.671 ±0.024 Belle + BaBar (2008) f1 =21.1o± 0.9o  well measured!

  12. Role of phases in the CKM flavor-mixing matrix was recognized by the Nobel Foundation A single irreducible phase in the weak interaction matrix can accounts for the CPViolations that are observed in kaon and B decays.

  13. Peggy Lee(American singer 1920-2002)

  14. Next: CPV in penguin decays , h’, K+K-, …

  15. Why penguins?

  16. New physics penguins can modify SM predictions Not all penguins are alike! SuperSymmetry SM Charged Higgs 16

  17. sin2f1 with SM bs penguins Vts: no KM phase f1 * Vtd , h’, K+K- , h’, K+K- + B B * Vtd f1 SM: sin2f1 =sin2f1 from BJ/y K0 Any difference  non-SM particles in the loop penguin

  18. Dalitz plot analysis of BKSK+K- time-dependent! Strong fK+K- peak in M(K+K-) dist M2 (K+KS) but that is not all M2 (K-KS) Needs a model for B0KSK+K- decays & a full. t-dependent Dalitz analysis B0

  19. ( KS) 1 SM result (f0(980) KS) 1 Room for ~10x improvement  Super Belle/KEKB

  20. Electro-weak penguins: B—K* l+l- no gluons here (so SM predictions for the lepton sector are robust & reliable) B K*

  21. AFB(BK*l+l-)(q2) B F NF-NB NF+NB = Ali, Mannel, Morozumi, PLB273, 505 (1991) SM pred’n for AFB is not sensitive to (poorly known) QCD corrections

  22. Hints of an anomaly? Belle Preliminary BABAR, arXiv:0804.4412 384M 657M 386M Belle, PRL 96, 251801 • Data points are all above the SM • (Ml+l-2 dist & branching fractions ~agree with SM expectations.) Belle Published

  23. 0- meson pure leptonic decays:P+ l+n Q + B+ (or D+ or Ds) q SM prediction (W+ only): All inputs well measured except fP, which can be computed by LQCD 23

  24. Latest B-factory result (arXiv: 0809.3834, BELLE-CONF-0840) Semileptonic B tags only (BD*l ) Preliminary SM: (CKMfitter 2008 prediction) Measurement above SM expectation, discrepancy ~1.4-2σ 3.8σ signal significance

  25. Belle limits on charged Higgs Ruled out by Bf(B+t+n) Ruled out (95% CL) by Bf(BXsg)

  26. (Almost) all of CMS’ accessible range for an MSSM H+ is already ruled out Region Left For LHC Ruled out by Belle Accessible at LHC

  27. D+(Ds+)l+n at BESIII CLEO-c signals: D+m+n LQCD preds (~2% precision) Ds+t+n 3s SM-Expt discrepancy for fDs; statistical errors dominate Clean expt’l signals. BESIII can achieve high precision.

  28. CPV in D meson decays at BESIII • No KM phases in cs or cd • Any CPV seen in D meson decay would indicate new physics • To observe CP-viol. you need both a CPV phase & a non-zero strong phase • c.f. D±K+K-p± has lots of resonances with large strong phases No SM CPV phases here Opposite sign for matter-antimatter Same sign for matter-antimatter

  29. D± K+K-p± model fp D± K*K’ KKp … “strong” phases

  30. Fit for D+ D- differences CLEOc , with 818 pb-1 at the y’’ arXiv 0807.4545 M+ - M- ACP = (-0.03 ±0.84 ± 0.29)% BESIII will have >20x more data 30

  31. Summary (New Physics) • Super Belle & BESIII have unique opportunities to search for New Physics • Reaches beyond the LHC for some scenarios • Room for a factor ~10 improvement in precision before SM limitations are reached. • Tantalizing hints of new phenomena show up in B-factory & CLEO-c data. • Dalitz analyses becoming increasingly important

  32. Comment • New Physics Searches are prime motivators for Super-Belle & BESIII • “pays the bills” • New discoveries will “belong to” the host laboratories & the expt’l teams in entirety • SNU included • SNU group needs “signature” topics & expertise • Dalitz analyses? • exotic hadrons? • …

  33. Exotic hadrons atBESIII & SuperBelle

  34. Motivation for exotic hadrons Particle Physics Textbooks Perkin’s textbook, Introduction to High Energy Physics, pg.118 “The states observed in nature consist of three-quark combinations (the baryons) and quark-antiquark combinations (the mesons).” But QCD suggests that tetraquarks and quark-gluon hybrids also occur. u c c c u c

  35. How to find an exotic hadron • Find a hadron with quantum numbers that can’t be produced by qqq or qq combos • Pentaquark: S=+1 baryon Q+= • Charged or strange “charmonium:” e.g. Z+= • Find cc or bb mesons that don’t fit into an unassigned qq “quarkonium” level. s d u u d u c d c _ _ _

  36. Charmonium meson spectrum Only a few charmonium levels are still available predicted measured 36

  37. Neutral“X”&“Y”mesons (Decay to final states withacc pair & Sqi=0 ) X(3872) BKp+p-J/y Y(4260) y’ JPC=1++ Belle BaBar e+e-gISRp+p-J/y Belle JPC=1-- X(3872) Y(4008)? M(p+p-J/y)-M(J/y) Belle Y(3940) BKwJ/y BaBar M(p+p-J/y) BKwJ/y Y(4350) & Y(4660) e+e-gISRp+p-y’ BaBar Belle M(wJ/y) M(wJ/y) M(p+p-y’) X(4160) X(3940) ??? e+e-DD*J/y e+e-D*D*J/y e+e-gISRLcLc Belle Belle Belle M(LcLc) 37 M(DD*) M(D*D*)

  38. No obvious available cc assignments for these states cc1’ 3872MeV • Only one unfilled 1++ level • Mass is too low for the X(3872) • cc1’ppJ/y violates Ispin • Bf(X3872ppJ/y)>4% • G(gJ/y) should be >>G(rJ/y) • expt: G(gJ/y) <<G(rJ/y) • There is only 1 unfilled • 1-- charmonium level • (& at least 3 1-- Y states) • G(ppJ/y(y’)) for Y states • too large for charmonium 38

  39. Are there similar states with: • non-zero charge? • non-zero strangess? • non-zero charge & strangeness? • u • c • Z+ • d • c • s • c • Zs0 • d • c • u • c Zs+ s c “smoking guns” for non qq meson states

  40. The Z(4430)+(p±y’) meson candidate BKp+y’ Veto Z(4430) M(p±y’) GeV M2(p±y’) GeV2 M2(Kp’) GeV2 S.-K. Choi et al (Belle) PRl 100, 142001

  41. Could this be a reflectionfrom the Kp channel?

  42. Cos qp vs M2(py’) p qp y’ K +1.0 22 GeV2 (4.43)2GeV2 0.25 M2(py’) cosqp 16 GeV2 -1.0 M (py’)& cosqp are tightly correlated; a peak in cosqp peak in M(py’)

  43. Can interference between Kp partial waves produce a peak? Only S-, P- and D-waves seen in data interfere Add incoherently

  44. Can we make a peak at cosqp≈0.25with only S-, P- & D-waves?

  45. Can we make a peak at cosqp≈0.25with only S-, P- & D-waves?

  46. Can we make a peak at cosqp≈0.25with only S-, P- & D-waves? Not without introducing other, even more dramatic features at other cosqp (&,, other Mpy’) values.

  47. BaBar doesn’t see the Z(4430)+ M2(p±y’) GeV2 Belle: = (4.1±1.0±1.4)x10-5

  48. C. Hearty @ SLAC’s B-factory Symposium

  49. BKpy’ Dalitz-plot analyses Default Model K*y’ B K2*y’ Kpy’ KZ+

  50. Results 2 Toy MC: fit CL=36% 1 B 2 3 4 5 A 1 3 4 C B C A 5

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