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Stress & Arousal

Stress & Arousal. Kelli Case Eyewitness Identification. Definition. Stress: - is a biological term which refers to the consequences of the failure of a human or animal body to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats to the organism, whether actual or imagined.

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Stress & Arousal

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  1. Stress & Arousal Kelli Case Eyewitness Identification

  2. Definition Stress: -is a biological term which refers to the consequences of the failure of a human or animal body to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats to the organism, whether actual or imagined

  3. Effects of Stress Psychological Banish from consciousness (Christianson 1992) Neurobiological Stressors release epinephrine Increase levels of arousal & adrenaline Increase in cortisol and epinephrine (Morgan et al 2004) Physiological Increased heart rate Increased skin conductance Rapid breathing

  4. Morgan et al (2004) Survival School Military Personnel experienced both high and low stress Participants asked to view lineup Unable to ID interrogator

  5. Schooler & Eich Central vs. Peripheral details Lab vs. Real Life Flashbulb Memories Repressed and Recovered Memories Summary: Complex interactions and multiple variables

  6. Flashbulb Memories Detailed memory in stressful event More accurate and vivid Encoded differently Reinforcements

  7. Deffenbacher et al Increased level of stress will first result in continuous increase in performance, followed by a catastrophic discontinuous drop in performance. Yerkes Dodson Law Negative effect Cognitive Anxiety and physiological activation decreased in lab

  8. Yerkes Dodson Law

  9. Negative Emotional Events New, unexpected, potentially threatening Christianson (1992) Many speculations

  10. Conclusion/Further Research Over 30 years of data and no conclusions (Deffenbacher et al) Sleep Time Variables Survival camps/military camps Individual differences

  11. References Morgan, C. A., Hazlett, G., Doran, A., Garrett, S., Hoyt, G., Thomas, P. et al. (2004). Accuracy of eyewitness memory for persons encountered during exposure to highly intense stress. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 27, 265–279. Christianson, S.-A. (1992). Emotional stress and eyewitness memory: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 284–309. Schooler, J.W., Eich, E. Memory for Emotional Events. Memory in Life, 379-388. Deffenbacher, K. A., Bornstein, B. H., Penrod. S. D, & McGorty, E. K. (2004). A meta-analytic review of the effects of high stress on eyewitness memory. Law and Human Behavior, 28, 687-706.

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