SCOP Module 2

1. SCOP Module 2 Lesson EO 002.02 Identify Voice Procedures

2. In this lesson we will be looking at… • The proper use of the Radio, • Phonetic Alphabet & Numbers, • Procedural Words, • Radio Protocols, and • Radio Service.

3. What can you use the Marine Radio for? • Distress and Safety messages. • Operational messages. • Business messages.

4. What can you not use the Marine Radio for? • False DISTRESS traffic • Profane or offensive language • Interference / superfluous transmissions.

5. What is a Superfluous transmission? Any transmission that is not necessary or is more than what is needed such as; • excessive conversation.

6. What are Interference Transmissions? • Any transmissions that are not part of a two-way communication such as: • Anyone playing with the mike; even a child; • Casual noise picked up on an open mike; • Background music picked up while transmitting; and • Running with an open mike.

7. What does a typical VHF Radio look like? • On, Off, Volume, • Channel select, • Lighting, and • PA System.

8. Typical Control Features • Squelch to kill background noise when no signal is being heard. • Step or Scan - steps through all channels or a series of selected channels. • Hi/Lo power -1 or 25 watts (1 or 5). • Mode - Canada, US, or International channels. • Weather channels (receive only).

9. Typical Indicators • Power on. • Channel selected or Scanned. • Transmitting. • Power level. • Mode (Canada, US, International). • Weather station. • Weather Alert being received.

10. When operating a radio, how should you speak? • Use plain language. • End each word clearly to prevent words from running together. • Keep the rate of speaking constant – try not to speak too fast or too slow. • Speak in a normal tone and rhythm. • Use standard procedural words.

11. What should you avoid doing? • Shouting into the microphone. • Accenting syllables artificially. • Talking too quickly or too slowly. • Adding “um” or “er” between words. • Holding the microphone too close to your mouth.

12. International Telecommunications Union (ITU) AAlpha B Bravo C Charlie DDelta E Echo F Foxtrot G Golf H Hotel I India J Juliette K Kilo L Lima M Mike N November O Oscar P Papa Q Quebec R Romeo S Sierra TTango U Uniform V Victor W Whiskey X X-Ray Y Yankee Z Zulu

13. When should you use the Phonetic Alphabet? • When transmission is poor. • When asked to spell a vessel’s name. • When using a vessel’s call sign. Note: You will have to use the phonetic alphabet during the practical test

14. What are the radio standards for saying numbers? 1 – WUN 6 – SIX 2 – TOO 7 – SEV- EN 3 – TREE 8 – AIT 4 – FOWER9 – NINER 5 – FIFE 0 – ZE-RO

15. Some examples of how to speak over a marine radio… • SHIP = Sierra Hotel Indian Papa • 5800 = Fife Ait Ze-ro Ze-ro • 62000 = Six Too Thousand • 68009 = Six Ait Ze-ro Ze-ro Nin-er • 13.8 = Wun Tree Day-see-mal Ait • Channel 16 = Channel Wun Six • $3.25 = Dollars Tree Day-see-mal Too Fife • 0.75 = Sev-en Fife Cents

16. In class activity • Now it’s your chance to practice!

17. Procedural Words and Phrases that you need to know… • Acknowledge – Let me know that you have received and understood this message. • Affirmative – Yes, or permission granted. • Break – To indicate the separation between portions of the message. • Channel – Change to channel … before proceeding. • Confirm – My version is … Is that correct? • Correction – An error has been made in this transmission. The correct version is …

18. Procedural Words and Phrases that you need to know… • Go Ahead – Proceed with your message. • How Do You Read? – How well do you receive me? • I Say Again – Use instead of ‘I Repeat’. • Mayday – The spoken word for the Distress Communication. • Mayday Relay – The spoken words for the Distress relay signal.

19. Procedural Words and Phrases that you need to know… • Negative – No / That is not correct / I do not agree. • Over – My transmission is ended, and I expect a response from you. • Out – Conversation is ended, and no response is expected. • Pan Pan – The spoken words for Urgency Communications.

20. Procedural Words and Phrases that you need to know… • Prudonce – During long distress situations, communication can resume on a restricted basis. Communication is restricted to ship’s business or messages of higher priority. • Read Back – Repeat all of this message back to me exactly as received after I have given over. • Roger – Message received and understood. • Roger Number – I have received your message Number.

21. Procedural Words and Phrases that you need to know… • Stand By – I must pause for a few seconds, please wait. • Say Again – Use instead of please repeat your message. • Sécurité – The spoken word for the safety signal. • Seelonce – Indicates that silence has been imposed on the frequency due to a distress situation.

22. Procedural Words and Phrases that you need to know… • Seelonce Distress – The international expression to advise that a distress situation is in progress. It comes from a vessel or coast guard station other than the station in distress. • Seelonce Feenee – The international expression for a distress cancellation. • Seelonce Mayday – The international expression to inform individuals that a distress situation is in progress. It is issued from the ship in distress.

23. Procedural Words and Phrases that you need to know… • That is Correct – OK / Right. • Verify – Check coding, check text with originator, and send correct version. • Wilco – Instructions received, understood and will be complied with. • Words Twice – Requesting that the sender send each word twice, or informing the receiver that since communication is difficult, each word will be sent twice.

24. How do you express time on a marine radio? You use the 24 hour clock • When you are in local waters use local time • When you are in international waters use Zulu (Z) time, • which is Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), previously called Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

25. 2400 Is Midnight 2400 hours or 0000 hours? • Midnight can be either 2400 or 0000. • When recording time the military uses 2359 or 0001 depending on which date the entry is made.

26. Examples of transmitting time. • 12:45 am is expressed as 0045 and transmitted as Ze-ro Ze-ro Fower Fife. • 1:45 pm is expressed as 1345 and transmitted as Wun Tree Fower Fife. • 8:30 pm is expressed as 2030 and transmitted as Too Ze-ro Tree Ze-ro.

27. How do you transmit the date? • When you have to transmit the date, as well as the time of day, you use a six-figure format: DDTTTT • the first two figures represent the day of the month; and • the next four figures indicate the time. • A seven-figure format is used to indicate time zone (DDTTTTZ).

28. Examples of transmitting date and time • Noon on 16th day of the month in EST is expressed as 161200E. • 2:15 pm PST on 2nd day of the month is expressed as 021415P. • 4:45 pm AST on 21st day of the month is expressed as 211645A.

29. When is a call sign used? • For identification purposes a distinct call sign is assigned to radio stations that require licensing. • For example: CZ5837 • Always phonetically spell out the call sign. • A vessel without a name is identified only by call sign.

30. Call Signs • A vessel with a name shall be identified by the name and call sign. (eg, Destiny CZ5837) • Vessels not requiring a call sign should use a distinct vessel name.  (eg, ARR BOAT) • A vessel’s registration or license number may also be used for identification. (eg, ON1423837) ​

31. Points to remember about calling and responding to a call • Operators should: • listen for a clear channel before making a call, and • address the destination station before identifying their own station. • Receivers who get a call on a distress and calling frequency should: • switch to a working frequency to continue the conversation.

32. How do I make a call to a specific station? • Switch on the radio. • Select the frequency. • Adjust squelch. • Adjust the volume. • Listen for traffic before beginning your call.

33. How do I make a call to a specific station? • Place the call by doing the following: • Depress the transmit switch/button on the microphone, • Call the station you wish to contact (Destiny, Destiny, Destiny), • Say “this is”, • Say your station name (Arr Boat, Arr Boat, Arr Boat) • Say “Over”, • Release the transmit switch/button on the microphone, and • Listen for an answer – if no response then you may call again twice at intervals of two minutes. (audio file)

34. How do I make a call to a specific station? • If a response is made to your call, it should use the same format: ​ • Say the station name of the calling vessel (Arr Boat, Arr Boat, Arr Boat ), • Say ‘This is’, • Say the name of the replying station (Destiny, Destiny, Destiny),​ • If the call was initially made on a distress and calling frequency, a change to a working frequency must follow (Change to Channel 06), and • Say ‘Over’. ​

35. How do I make a call to a specific station? • Normal traffic / conversation may follow on the working channel. • When your conversation is completed, you both must sign off: (Arr Boat Out then Destiny Out) • Both station then must tune their radios back to the distress and calling frequency and maintain watch.

36. Can I make a single Station Call using Channel 16? • Yes. You can make the initial call to a station, but you need to switch to a working channel to continue on with your conversation • Once you have completed your call you then switch back to Channel 16.

37. How do I make a single station call to a Coast Guard Radio Station? • If radio traffic is heavy contact CGR on one of their working channels • If traffic is moderate use Channel 16 • Always announce the channel you are using • For example: HALIFAX COAST GUARD this is MALLARD on channel 26 OVER. (play Single Station Call to Coast Guard audio file)

38. When is a general call used? • Used to call any station within range or in a given area: All Stations, All Stations, All Stations  ​ This is ​ Emu, Emu, Emu ​ Any vessel with weather information, Thunder Cape Area, ​ Switch to Channel 71 ​ Out (play General Call audio file)

39. When is a multiple station call used? • Used when you need to contact more than one vessel: BLUESEAS, WINDWARD, ALTAIR This is CONDOR II OVER (play Multiple Station Call audio file)

40. Replying to calls when information is missing • If you hear a call but are not sure if it is for you, do not reply until the call is repeated and understood. • If you are called but you do not know who is calling say the following: • STATION CALLING (say your station’s Identification) • SAY AGAIN • OVER.

41. Using Channel Groups • Modern VHF radios allow you to select one of three channel groups or modes:; • Canada, • USA, or • International. • It is important to ensure that you are using the correct mode / channel for the waters / areas you are operating.

42. Points to remember • Call on a calling frequency - VHF 156.8MHz (channel 16) or MF 2182 kHz, unless you know the other station listens on a working frequency. • Switch to a working frequency (channel) after establishing contact on a calling frequency (channel).

43. How to conduct a Radio Check • Kingston Coast Guard Radio Kingston Coast Guard Radio Kingston Coast Guard Radio • This is Seabird, Seabird, Seabird • Requesting a radio check on channel 21A (working channel) • Over. (audio file)

44. The Reliability Scale 1 – Bad, unreadable. 2 – Poor, readable now and then. 3 – Fair, readable but with difficulty. 4 – Good, readable. 5 – Excellent, perfectly readable. “Signal check, reading you Four, over.”

45. How do I make a telephone call? • Telephone calls are made on duplex channels, not simplex channels. • Through either CCG radio, or with the local telephone company (requires prior arrangements). • The call will not proceed if you cannot properly identify your station (radio station license or vessel license).

46. Testing your knowledge Q1. The identity of which station is spoken first? Q2. How many times do you call the station name? Q3. What channel do you call on? Q4. After you have made contact what happen next?

47. Channel Types and Designations • A marine VHF radio channel may be either a: • Simplex channel, or • Duplex channel.

48. What is the difference? • On simplex channels: • two stations are both transmitting and receiving on the same frequency; • if your set is transmitting, you cannot receive; • if a station is transmitting, all other stations are jammed; • if two stations transmit simultaneously, nobody can hear anything (jammed); • That is why its important that you do not hold the transmit button down (open mike - jamming) or play with it; and • Listen before you call. • Channel 16 is an example of a simplex channel.

49. What is the difference? • On Duplex channels: • The radio transmits on one frequency but receives on another frequency; • like having a telephone conversation • You can have ship to shore communications with authorized coast stations. • An example is channel 24.

50. Which station has control over the communication? • Between two Ship stations: • the station that initiated the call. • Between a Ship and a Shore station: • the shore station. • In a Distress Situation: • the distress vessel; and • unless control assumed by a more capable station.