Do Now 4/18: Vocabulary

1. Do Now 4/18: Vocabulary • In your packet, for each word, record their location in the play. Based on the sentences I’ve given you, craft a definition for each. • Nuptial: Act I, Sc. i., 1 • On the eve of our nuptial, my fiancé and I attended a rehearsal dinner. • Idolatry: Act I, Sc. i., 111 • I love chocolate so much that it is almost idolatry. • Woo: Act I, Sc. i., 17 • In an effort to woo shoppers, the store offered a “buy-one get-one” sale. • Vexation Act I, Sc. i., 23 • My little brother is a constant vexation; he follows me everywhere I go. • Abbreviations: Act1:1:23= act 1, scene 1, line 23

2. Vocabulary Continued: write a definition for each word based on the sentence given to you. • Sovereignty: Act I, Sc. i., 84 • Libyan protestors have declared that the people shall have sovereignty over the country. • Folly: Act I, Sc. i., 205 • It was folly to believe that we could ever get away with speeding past a cop. • I did amend things with my mother after our fight so I don’t think she’s still mad at me. • I have great hopes for my progeny and secretly I hope my son goes to college but I cannot force this. • A girl’s chastity involves modest behavior; abstain from sex until you are married. • Our dress code requires girls to be modest: cover everything of importance up!

3. Shakespeare’s English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c64f0C4TGq0

4. A Brief History of English • Old English: 543-1066 AD • The Vikings move in • Nu scilunhergahefenricæsuardmetudæsmehti and his modgithanc” • http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/stella/readings/recordings/Old%20English/beowulf.wav • Middle English: 1066-1470 • The French move in • “Whanthat Aprill, with his shouressoote • The droghte of March hath perced to the roote” • http://www.vmi.edu/fswebs.aspx?tid=34099&id=43281 • Early Modern English: 1470-1650 • The Printing Press comes to England • “Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind. And therefore is winged cupid painted blind.”

5. A Brief History of English • Modern English: 1650-Present • England moves everywhere else.

6. A Brief History of English • In Shakespeare’s day: • NO dictionaries • NO grammar books • Shakespeare was a poet: • He had to change things to fit his structure • He invented many words to effectively describe things • Ex. Eyeball, moonbeam, skim milk • Elizabethans loved the sound of their language • It was meant to be heard and performed • Word play, or puns, were used frequently • The three main differences between Shakespeare’s language and ours are: • His pronouns • His verb endings • The way he orders his words

7. The three main differences between Shakespeare’s language and ours are: His pronouns His verb endings The way he orders his words

8. Pronouns • Shakespeare uses the pronouns “Thee” and “Thou” • We just say “You”

9. Thou-subject: “Thou art my brother.” Thee-Object: “Come, let me clutch thee.” Thy-Possessive Adjective: ”What is thy name?” Thine- Possessive Noun: “To thine own self be true.”

10. Pronouns • Notice the 2nd Person pronouns. In Modern English, we use the pronoun “YOU.”

11. Pronouns

12. Verb Endings • Shakespeare had to use special verb endings to identify that word as a verb. • Ex. Is the word “love” a noun or a verb? • We know based on clues in the sentence around the word.

13. Verb Endings • With the pronoun “Thou,” add the verb ending: • -est, -t, or –st • Ex. Thou canst not text in class. • Ex. Thou lovest the summer sun. • With the pronouns “He/She/It” add the verb ending: • -th instead of –s • Ex. She giveth me some money. • Some verbs you might see in Shakespeare:

14. Word Order • Modern English usually has a strict word order: • Subject, Verb, Object • Ex. “I ate the sandwich.” • But Shakespeare and Yoda often mess this up: • Ex. “When 900 years old you reach, look as good you will not.”

15. Word Order • In the sentence “I ate the sandwich,” identify the parts of speech: • Subject: • Verb: • For us word order changes meaning: • Ex. The sandwich ate I. • To put these sentences back in order: • Place the subject before the verb.