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Image-based modelling of blood flow in the human coronary arteries

Image-based modelling of blood flow in the human coronary arteries. Ashkan Javadzadegan 1 Supervisors: Masud Behnia 1 & Leonard Kritharides 2 1 Fluid Dynamics Group, School of Mechanical Engineering, 2 Concord Repatriation Hospital. Contents. Significance

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Image-based modelling of blood flow in the human coronary arteries

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  1. Image-based modelling of blood flow in the human coronary arteries Ashkan Javadzadegan 1 Supervisors: Masud Behnia 1 & Leonard Kritharides 2 1 Fluid Dynamics Group, School of Mechanical Engineering, 2 Concord Repatriation Hospital

  2. Contents • Significance • Image acquisition and geometry reconstruction • Computational fluid dynamics • References

  3. Significance Coronary arteries are attached to the heart and most of the heart attacks are because of the coronary artery disease

  4. Image acquisition andgeometry reconstruction 3D acquisition system

  5. Image acquisition andgeometry reconstruction A Stored Slices B A B

  6. Image acquisition andgeometry reconstruction Surfacereconstruction x z z x Vessel central axis y y Original contours Surface mesh fitted

  7. Computational fluid dynamics • An important task • May take weeks or months • One desires to perform computations for a real patient geometry  How do you determine real shapes & dimensions? • Using appropriate boundary conditions in order to get realistic results • Today a number of methods are available to solve the Governing Equations • Some researchers write their own codes for the purpose • Use of commercial codes is also wide spread –Fluent (ANSYS), Star CD, CFX etc

  8. Computational fluid dynamics • Mesh Generation Discretization of coronary artery into tetrahedrons whose size and distribution largely govern the accuracy of numerical simulation

  9. Computational fluid dynamics • Boundary Conditions proximal and distal pressures are measured using three dimensional coronary angiography and are used as inlet and outlet bounderyconditions for numerical studies. Proximal Proximal Pressure Distal Pressure Distal

  10. Computational fluid dynamics • Flow Solver • Today a number of commercial CFD codes are available to solve the governing equations, Ansys CFX is one of them. • Post Processing • The flow solver yields several MB or GB of data depending • upon the flow • The data has to be analyzed and rendered as Graphs, Charts, Tables, Vectors and contours • The Flow Solvers usually have the post processors incorporated • Separate processors – TECPLOT etc. are available

  11. References • Asakura T, Karino T. Flow patterns and spatial distribution of atherosclerotic lesions in human coronary arteries. Circ Res. 1990;66(4):1045-1066. • Yamagishi M, Terashima M, Awano K, Kijima M, Nakatani S, Daikoku S, Ito K, Yasumura Y, Miyatake K. Morphology of vulnerable coronary plaque: insights from follow-up of patients examined by intravascular ultrasound before an acute coronary syndrome. J Am CollCardiol. 2000;35(1):106-111. • Yong ASC, Ng ACC, Brieger D, Lowe HC, Ng MKC, Kritharides L. Three-dimensional and two-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography, and their prediction of reduced fractional flow reserve. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(3):345-353. • ANSYS, ANSYS CFX-Solver Theory Guide. 2010, Canonsburg, PA

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