OpenStack Technology Review & Demo Egan Ford IBM Distinguished Engineer egan@us.ibm

1. OpenStackTechnology Review & DemoEgan FordIBM Distinguished Engineeregan@us.ibm.com

2. PPT’s and Videos: http://xmission.com/~egan/cloud/

3. Agenda • IBM SmartCloud and OpenStack • Cloud Taxonomy • Some OpenStack Public Use Cases • What is OpenStack • OpenStack Resources • IBM Resources/Solutions for OpenStack Available Today • OpenStack (Video) Demo

4. Cloud capabilities that are built upon a common platform, with a commitment to open standards Business Process as a Service Software as a Service Platform as a Service Infrastructure as a Service Design Deploy Consume Solutions Foundation Services Private & Hybrid Clouds Managed Cloud Services Cloud Business Solutions Cloud Enablement Technologies Infrastructure and Platform as a Service Software and Business Process as a Service Commitment to open standards and a broad ecosystem

5. Cloud Taxonomy Source: http://it20.info/2012/02/the-cloud-magic-rectangle-tm/

6. Cloud Value Proposition and Positioning Source: http://it20.info/2012/02/the-cloud-magic-rectangle-tm/

7. How You (Provider) Build These Clouds Source: http://it20.info/2012/02/the-cloud-magic-rectangle-tm/

8. What You (Consumer) Get with These Clouds: Source: http://it20.info/2012/02/the-cloud-magic-rectangle-tm/

9. Design-for-fail Clouds Purpose optimized for shorter-term virtual machines managed via end-user or automated process Decentralized control, embraces eventual consistency, focus on making “good enough” decisions High degree of standardization Significant focus on ensuring availability of control plane Characteristics driven by software New applications Policy-based Clouds and Design-for-fail Clouds are purpose optimized Infrastructure Management solutions Policy-based Clouds • Purpose optimized for longer-lived virtual machines managed by Server Administrator • Centralizes enterprise server virtualization administration tasks • High degree of flexibility designed to accommodate virtualization all workloads • Significant focus on managing availability and QoS for long-lived workloads with level of isolation • Characteristics derived from exploiting enterprise class hardware • Legacy applications

10. Some OpenStack Public Use Cases • Internap • http://www.internap.com/press-release/internap-announces-world%E2%80%99s-first-commercially-available-openstack-cloud-compute-service/ • Rackspace Cloud Servers, Powered by OpenStack • http://www.rackspace.com/blog/rackspace-cloud-servers-powered-by-openstack-beta/ • Deutsche Telekom • http://www.telekom.com/media/media-kits/104982 • AT&T • http://arstechnica.com/business/news/2012/01/att-joins-openstack-as-it-launches-cloud-for-developers.ars • MercadoLibre • http://openstack.org/user-stories/mercadolibre-inc/mercadolibre-s-bid-for-cloud-automation/ • NeCTAR • http://nectar.org.au/ • San Diego Supercomputing Center • http://openstack.org/user-stories/sdsc/

11. OpenStack design tenets focus on delivering essential infrastructure on an available, scalable, elastic control plane Basic Design Tenets Scalability and elasticity are our main goals Any feature that limits our main goals must be optional Everything should be asynchronous. If you can't do something asynchronously, see #2 All required components must be horizontally scalable Always use shared nothing architecture (SN) or sharding. If you can't Share nothing/shard, see #2 Distribute everything. Especially logic. Move logic to where state naturally exists. Accept eventual consistency and use it where it is appropriate. Test everything. We require tests with submitted code. (We will help you if you need it) OpenStack Leadership's vision statement“essential Infrastructure, support platform” Sources:http://www.openstack.org/downloads/openstack-compute-datasheet.pdfhttp://wiki.openstack.org/BasicDesignTenets

12. OpenStack Source: http://ken.pepple.info/openstack/2012/09/25/openstack-folsom-architecture/

13. OpenStack is comprised of seven core projects that form a complete IaaS solution IaaS IaaS • Compute (Nova) • Storage (Cinder) • Network (Quantum) • Provision and manage virtual resources • Dashboard (Horizon)Self-service portal • Image (Glance)Catalog and manage server images • Identity (Keystone)Unified authentication, integrates with existing systems • Object Storage (Swift)petabytes of secure, reliable object storage Source: http://ken.pepple.info/openstack/2012/09/25/openstack-folsom-architecture/

14. Compute delivers a fully featured, redundant, and scalable cloud computing platform • Key Capabilities: • Manage virtualized server resources • CPU/Memory/Disk/Network Interfaces  • API with rate limiting and authentication • Distributed and asynchronous architecture • Massively scalable and highly available system • Live guest migration • Move running guests between physical hosts • Live VM management (Instance) • Run, reboot, suspend, resize, terminate instances • Security Groups • Role Based Access Control (RBAC) • Ensure security by user, role and project • Projects & Quotas • VNC Proxy through web browser Architecture Sources:http://ken.pepple.info/openstack/2012/09/25/openstack-folsom-architecture/http://openstack.org/projects/compute/

15. Compute management stack control plane is built on queue and database • Key Capabilities: • Responsible for providing communications hub and managing data persistence • RabbitMQ is default queue, MySQL DB • Documented HA methods • ZeroMQ implementation available to decentralize queue • Single “cell” (1 Queue, 1 Database) typically scales from 500 – 1000 physical machines • Cells can be rolled up to support larger deployments • Communications route through queue • API requests are validated and placed on queue • Workers listen to queues based on role or role + hostname • Responses are dispatched back through queue

16. nova-compute manages individual hypervisors and compute nodes Key Capabilities: • Responsible for managing all interactions with individual endpoints providing compute resource, e.g. • -- Attach iSCSI volume to phsyical host, map to guest as additional HDD • Implementations direct to native hypervisor APIs • Avoids abstraction layers that bring least common denomination support • Enables easier exploitation of hypervisor differentiators • Service instance runs on every physical compute node, helps to minimize failure domain • Support for security groups that define firewall rules • Support for • KVM • LXC • VMware ESX/ESXi (4.1 update 1) • Xen (XenServer 5.5, Xen Cloud Platform) • Hyper V

17. nova-scheduler allocates virtual resources to physical hardware Key Capabilities: • Determines which physical hardware to allocate to a virtual resource • Default scheduler uses a series of filters to reduce set of applicable hosts and uses costing functions to provide Weight • Not a focus point for OpenStack • Default implementation finds first fit • Shorter the workload lifespan, less critical the placement decision • If default does not work, often deployers have specific requirements and develop custom

18. nova-api supports multiple API implementations and is the entry point into the cloud Key Capabilities: • APIs supported • OpenStack Compute API (REST-based) • Similar to RackSpace APIs • EC2 API (subset) • Can be excluded • Admin API (nova-manage) • Robust extensions mechanism to add new capabilities

19. Network automates management of networks and attachments (network connectivity as a service) Key Capabilities: • Responsible for managing networks, ports, and attachments on infrastructure for virtual resources • Create/delete tenant-specific L2 networks • L3 support (Floating IPs, DHCP, routing) • Moving to L4 and above in Grizzly • Attach / Detach host to network • Similar to dynamic VLAN support • Support for • Open vSwitch • OpenFlow(NEC & Floodlight controllers) • Cisco Nexus • Niciria Architecture

20. Cinder manages block-based storage, enables persistent storage Key Capabilities: • Responsible for managing lifecycle of volumes and exposing for attachment • Structure is a copy of Compute (Nova), sharing same characteristics and structure in API server, scheduler, etc. • Enables additional attached persistent block storage to virtual machines • Support for booting virtual machines from nova-volume backed storage • Allows multiple volumes to be attached per virtual machine • Supports following • ISCSI • RADOS block devices (e.g. Ceph distributed file system) • Sheepdog • Zadara Architecture

21. Identity service offers unified, project-wide identity, token, service catalog, and policy service designed to integrate with existing systems Key Capabilities: • Identity service provides auth credential validation and data about Users, Tenants and Roles • Token service validates and manages tokens used to authenticate requests after initial credential verification • Catalog service provides an endpoint registry used for endpoint discovery. • Policy service provides a rule-based authorization engine and the associated rule management interface. • Each service configured to serve data from pluggable backend • Key-Value, SQL, PAM, LDAP, PAM, Templates • REST-based APIs

22. Image service provides basic discovery, registration, and delivery services for virtual disk images Key Capabilities: • Think Image Registry, not Image Repository • REST-based APIs • Query for information on public and private disk images • Register new disk images • Disk images can be stored in and delivered from a variety of stores(e.g. SoNFS, Swift) • Supported formats • Raw • Machine (a.k.a. AMI) • VHD (Hyper-V) • VDI (VirtualBox) • qcow2 (Qemu/KVM) • VMDK (VMWare) • OVF (VMWare, others) Referenceshttp://openstack.org/projects/image-service/

23. Dashboard enables administrators and users to access and provision cloud-based resources through a self-service portal • Key Capabilities: • Thin wrapper over APIs, no local state • Registration pattern for applications to hook into • Ships with three central dashboards, a “User Dashboard”, a “System Dashboard”, and a “Settings • Out-of-the-box support for all core OpenStack projects • Nova, Glace, Switch, Quantum • Anyone can add a new component as a “first-class citizen”. • Follow design and style guide. • Visual and interaction paradigms are maintained throughout. • Console Access Referenceshttp://horizon.openstack.org/intro.html

24. OpenStack Resources • Forums • http://forums.openstack.org/ • Wiki • http://wiki.openstack.org/ • Documentation • http://docs.openstack.org/ • Mailing Lists • http://wiki.openstack.org/MailingLists • OpenStack Project Management • https://launchpad.net/openstack • Blogs • http://planet.openstack.org • Real-time chat room • #openstack and #openstack-dev on irc://freenode.net (443 users currently logged in) • Rackspace Reference Architectures • http://www.referencearchitecture.org/ • Easy Install • http://www.hastexo.com/resources/docs/installing-openstack-essex-20121-ubuntu-1204-precise-pangolin

25. IBM Resources/Solutions for OpenStack Available Today • developerWorks • https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/mydeveloperworks/wikis/home?lang=en#/wiki/OpenStack • Google: openstack IBM developerworks • xCAT (FOSS) for 0-day deployment • xCAT OpenStack Paper (CATStack) • Automated qcow2 image creation for Glance • HW control • Bare-metal discovery and bring up • Firmware, Base OS, etc… • IBM Intelligent Cluster Solutions (see Matt Ziegler's PPT) • Preconfigured Switches • Rack and stacked and ready to go • Lab Services for 0-day

26. IBM Resources/Solutions for OpenStack Available Today • All IBM System Software and Tools can coexist with OpenStack. • Director, ASU, lflash, etc… • SoNAS for shared file (NFS, SMB) • XIV for block storage (Nova Volume) • iDPX for scale-out Nova Compute and Swift • BNT switches for OpenFlow and Quantum • GPFS for iSCSI/block (Nova Volume) or file.

27. OpenStack Demo Setup Private Networks: eth0: 172.20.249/24 vm: 172.20.250/24 Control Nodes Compute Nodes 172.20.249.10 172.20.249.11 172.20.249.12 172.20.249.13 172.20.249.X compute network scheduler volume console glance api compute network scheduler volume console glance api VM compute network VM compute network compute network VM VM os-essex0 os-essex1 os-essex2 os-essex3 os-essexX 10.0.9.10 10.0.9.11 10.0.9.12 10.0.9.13 10.0.9.X VM Firewall Scale Out HA Active/Passive Public Networks: eth1: 10.0.9.0/25 vm: 10.0.9.128/25

28. PPT’s and Videos: http://xmission.com/~egan/cloud/