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Obesity Trends in India and Consequences Dr. Umesh Kapil MD, DNB, FAMS ,

Obesity Trends in India and Consequences Dr. Umesh Kapil MD, DNB, FAMS ,

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Obesity Trends in India and Consequences Dr. Umesh Kapil MD, DNB, FAMS ,

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  1. Obesity Trends in India and Consequences Dr. Umesh Kapil MD, DNB, FAMS , Professor Public Health Nutrition Department of Human Nutrition All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110 029, INDIA Tel No: (Off) 91-11- 26593383 ; (R) 91-11-26195105 Mobile:. 9810609340 Fax : 91-11-26588641 , 91-11-26588663 kapilumesh@hotmail.com

  2. India : Double Burden of Disease Under nutrition due to Poverty 30 % below BPL Over nutrition and Obesity 5-7% MIG and HIG Urban area This is most productive workforce of the country Academics/Planners/ Administrators/ Professionals SHOULD BE GIVEN PRIORITY

  3. Obesity Trends in India : Recent studies: Adults

  4. Obesity Trends in India : Recent studies

  5. Trends in Body Mass Index of Adult Women Body Mass Indix (BMI) is defined as weight (kg)/height² (m)

  6. Obesity Trends in India : Recent studies Children 1.* Indian Pediatrics, 2002 May, 17: 449-452 2.** Indian Pediatrics, 2003 Aug, 40: 775-779.

  7. Obesity Trends in India : Recent studies Children 3.* Indian Pediatrics, 1990, Apr, 27 333-337 4.** Diabetes research and Clinical Practice 2002; 57 185-190.

  8. Risk factor for Non Communicable Diseases Obesity •  Cardiovascular diseases • CAD, CHF, Stroke •  Insulin Resistance and •  Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus •  Reproductive disorders •  Pulmonary diseases •  Gall stone disease •  Cancer- Colon, Rectum, Prostate-Male •  Gall stone–bile duct, breast, endometrium • cervix, ovary- Female • Bone: Joint and skin diseases  Oesteoprosis  Mental Health  Psychological well being  Accidents  Muscloskeletal injuries

  9. High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (Syndrome X) Hypertension Increased Insulin Resistance Central Obesity Dyslipidemia

  10. Obesity and Mortality Morbidly obese individuals (more than 200% ideal body weight) have as much as a twelve fold increase in mortality

  11. Source: Bray GA. 1992. AJCN; 55; 488S-94S

  12. Obesity and Diabetes As many as 80% of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus are obese

  13. 4% 4-6% 6% n/a Source: Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care 2000;23:1278-83 Prevalence of Diabetes among U.S. Adults, BRFSS, 1993-94

  14. 4% 4-6% 6% n/a Source: Mokdad et al., Diabetes Care 2000;23:1278-83 Prevalence of Diabetes among U.S. Adults, BRFSS, 1997-98

  15. Obesity and Diabetes Mild obesity Two fold risk of Diabetes Moderate obesity Five fold risk of Diabetes Severe obesity Ten fold risk of Diabetes

  16. Indian Scenario : Diabetes Between 1988 and 2000, there was a 70% increase in the prevalence of Diabetes in the city of Chennai The recent study document a prevalence of 13% in adults

  17. Possible Reasons:Average per capita energy ( Kcals ) intake as per expenditure classes , India Source: NSSO, 1997

  18. Average daily per capita dietary intake of Fats in India Source: NSSO 2001

  19. Life style changes between 1972-2000 Increase in Sedentary Life style Decrease Physical activities Intake of calories remaining same Increase in Fat intake Most manual jobs have been replaced by mechanized jobs Transportation to school /work place universally by use of motor car/Bus/Bicycles Increase in hours for activities :TV viewing/ Computer

  20. Studies on prevalence of hypertension on obese children 1* Indian Pediatrics1994Sept; 31: 1065-1069 2** Indian Pediatrics 1990 Apr;27(4)333-7.

  21. Study on prevalence of IGT(Impaired Glucose Tolerance) and diabetes mellitus in obese children 1.* New England Journal of Medicine;2002 March;346(11);802-810 2.** Minerva Med; 1991 Jun; 82(6):345-8

  22. Study on the prevalence of Dyslipediamas in obese children 1.* Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1990 May 11; 102(10): 299-303 2.** Arch Latinoam Nutr. 1999 Dec; 49(4): 338-43

  23. Study on the prevalence of Dyslipediamas in obese children (Cont..) 3.*J Pediatr Endocrinology Met’ 15’ 1011-1016 (2002)

  24. Role of Physical Activity According to WHO at least 30 minutes of cumulative moderate exercise (equivalent to walking briskly) for all ages plus for children , an additional 20 minutes of vigorous exercise ( equivalent to running) three times a week . (These recommendations are basically for prevention of CHD). The prevention of obesity may require combination of both : more Physical Activity and Dietary interventions.

  25. WE MUST LEARN LESSON FROM THE DVELOPED COUNTRIES RDA for the Affluent Urban Sedentary Population life Styles Should be developed

  26. All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi Thank you

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