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Earth Systems 3209

Earth Systems 3209. Reference: Chapters 21; Appendix A & B. Unit: 5 Earth’s Resources. Unit 5: Topic 2.3 . Processing Ore Minerals. Focus on . . . identifying and describing techniques used in processing ore deposits . Ore Processing Techniques. Floatation Gravity Separation

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Earth Systems 3209

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  1. Earth Systems 3209 Reference: Chapters 21; Appendix A & B Unit: 5Earth’s Resources

  2. Unit 5: Topic 2.3 Processing Ore Minerals Focus on . . . • identifying and describing techniques used in processing ore deposits.

  3. Ore Processing Techniques • Floatation • Gravity Separation • Heap Leaching • Pyromet • Hydromet

  4. Ore Processing Techniques • Flotation • Floatation involves mixing grounded ore with water, oil, and chemicals. The grounded ore becomes suspended in the water and is subjected to bubbles of air. This causes the minerals and/or elements of value to float to the top where they can be skimmed off.

  5. Ore Processing Techniques • Gravity Separation • Gravity separation involves feeding grounded ore into a pulsating body of water, which serves to settle out the heavy material while floating away the light material. If the heavy material is what you wish to keep, then it is taken from the bottom. If the light material is what you wish to keep, then it is taken from the top.

  6. Ore Processing Techniques 3) Heap Leaching • Heap leaching commences by placing the grounded ore as a layer onto impermeable material. The “heap” of material is sprayed with a liquid, which percolates down through dissolving away the valuable minerals and/or elements. This liquid (leachate) is then collected in a reservoir. The leachate is processed to extract desired materials.

  7. Ore Processing Techniques • Pyromet • Pyromet involves using heat to separate the minerals and/or elements of value from the ore. Heating separates the materials by density and the desired minerals and/or elements can be removed.

  8. Ore Processing Techniques • Hydromet • Hydromet is a chemical method that involves oxidation and acid leaching to separate out the desired minerals and/or elements.

  9. Example 1: • Which involves heating the ore for the purpose of separating materials based on density? • (A) floatation • (B) heap leaching • (C) prospecting • (D) pyromet

  10. Example 2: Which technique involves percolation and dissolving away the valuable minerals from the ore? distillation gravity separation heap leaching remote sensing

  11. Your Turn . . . Take the time and complete the following questions . . .(Solutions to follow) Questions: Which mineral processing technique involves oxidation and acid leaching? (A) floatation gravity separation heap leaching (D) hydromet

  12. Solutions . . . Questions: Which mineral processing technique involves oxidation and acid leaching? Answer: (A) floatation gravity separation heap leaching (D) hydromet

  13. Summary . . . Overview of Points covered: Techniques used to process ore deposits include: • Floatation • Gravity Separation • Heap Leaching • Pyromet • Hydromet

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