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Causes of Lagging Life Expectancy at Older Ages in the United States

Causes of Lagging Life Expectancy at Older Ages in the United States. Samuel H. Preston University of Pennsylvania Population Studies Center Presented to the 11th Annual Joint Conference of the Retirement Research Consortium August 10-11, 2009 Washington, D.C.

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Causes of Lagging Life Expectancy at Older Ages in the United States

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  1. Causes of Lagging Life Expectancy at Older Ages in the United States Samuel H. Preston University of Pennsylvania Population Studies Center Presented to the 11th Annual Joint Conference of the Retirement Research Consortium August 10-11, 2009 Washington, D.C.

  2. Life Expectancy at Age 50 in 2006

  3. Compared to OECD countries and composites, the US does well in Screening for cancer Survival rates from cancer Survival rates after heart attacks Survival rates after strokes Medication for high blood pressure Medication for high cholesterol Vaccination against influenza Mortality from influenza and pneumonia

  4. Source: Verdecchia et al. 2007

  5. Analysis of Prostate Cancer and Breast Cancer Effective methods of screening for these diseases have recently developed; These diagnostic methods have been deployed earlier and more widely in the US than in comparison countries; Effective methods are being used to treat these diseases; and The US has had a significantly faster decline in mortality from these diseases than comparison countries

  6. Percentage of Women Aged 50-64 Receiving a Mammogram in Previous Two Years in 1994 Source: Preston and Ho (2009)

  7. 5-year Relative Survival Rate, Prostate and Breast Cancer, US Source: Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)

  8. Age-Standardized Death Rates From Prostate Cancer, 1980-2005 Source: Preston and Ho (2009)

  9. Age-Standardized Death Rates From Breast Cancer, 1980-2005 Source: Preston and Ho (2009)

  10. Daily Cigarettes Per Capita and Lung Cancer Mortality in the US

  11. The Model M0 is the death rate from causes other than lung cancer in a particular age/sex/period country category; Xa is a set of dummy variables for each age group; Xt is a set of dummy variables for each calendar year; Xc is a set of dummy variables for each country; (T x Xc) is a set of interactions between calendar year (linear) and each country dummy; ML is the death rate from lung cancer; (ML x T) is an interaction between ML and year; (ML x Xa) is an interaction between ML and the age dummies

  12. Life expectancy at age 50 in 2003* before/after removal smoking deaths, Males * 1997 for Belgium; 2001 for Denmark.

  13. Life expectancy at age 50 in 2003* before/after removal smoking deaths, Females * 1997 for Belgium; 2001 for Denmark.

  14. Effect of removing smoking-attributable deaths on ranking of e50 in 2003*

  15. FIGURE 1 U.S. trends in observed e50 and estimated e50 without smoking by sex. Source: Preston, Glei, and Wilmoth (2009)

  16. FIGURE 2 U.S. trends in the observed sex difference in e50 and the estimated sex difference without smoking. Source: Preston, Glei, and Wilmoth (2009)

  17. Source: Preston and Ho (2009)

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