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Racial Differences in Referral Rates: Analyzing Bias in Assessment and Intervention

This meta-analysis by John Hosp and Daniel Reschly examines referral rates among students from different racial backgrounds and aims to identify factors of risk bias. The study also explores the criteria for referrals, bias in assessment instruments, cultural differences, and the use of vignettes in determining referral rates. The literature review includes studies conducted between 1975-2000, utilizing various sources and journals. The results indicate significant variations in referral rates among racial groups, highlighting the need for further research with population comparisons.

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Racial Differences in Referral Rates: Analyzing Bias in Assessment and Intervention

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  1. Referral Rates for Intervention or Assessment:A Meta-Analysis of Racial Differencesby John Hosp & Daniel Reschly Presented by Breann Herring Radford University

  2. Purpose • To compare referral rates to population rates of students from different racial backgrounds • Allow for a better understanding of overall referral rates and the process involved. • To provide a basis for future research aimed at identifying or ruling out various factors of risk bias.

  3. Issues to Consider • Criteria for referrals • Bias in assessment instruments • Cultural differences • Vignettes rather actual referrals

  4. Dependent Measure • Referral rates

  5. Literature Review • 1975-2000 • Methods • Electronic Sources • ERIC • PsycInfo • Social Sciences Abstracts • Education Abstracts • Dissertation Abstracts International • Manual searches of the Following Journals • Exceptional Children • Journal of Negro Education • Journal of School Psychology • Psychology in the Schools • School Psychology Quarterly • School Psychology Review • Article Bibliographies

  6. Literature Review • Studies • >1500 identified • 121 studies met all inclusion criteria • Only 9 contained data required for inclusion

  7. Studies to Include • Frequencies of racial groups within a sample and the population • Referrals for psychoeducational assessment, prereferral assistance, or special education eligibility • Students in elementary, middle, and/or secondary settings • Multiple racial groups • Quantitative demographic information • Conducted in United States • Both published and unpublished studies

  8. Results Rate ratio~d N= # of subsamples

  9. Conclusions • Referral rates of racial groups vary significantly • Small number of districts represented • More research is needed with population comparisons

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