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AGGRESSION, APPEASEMENT, AND WAR

~THE AXIS POWERS ~HITLER’S PUSH TOWARDS WAR ~SPANISH CIVIL WAR . AGGRESSION, APPEASEMENT, AND WAR. ?? WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ??. 1.) Western Democracies adopted this policy in dealing with the aggressions of Hitler? 2.) How does Hitler first defy the Treaty of Versailles?

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AGGRESSION, APPEASEMENT, AND WAR

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  1. ~THE AXIS POWERS ~HITLER’S PUSH TOWARDS WAR ~SPANISH CIVIL WAR AGGRESSION, APPEASEMENT, AND WAR

  2. ?? WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ?? • 1.) Western Democracies adopted this policy in dealing with the aggressions of Hitler? • 2.) How does Hitler first defy the Treaty of Versailles? • 3.) Please name the event and date that will begin World War II.

  3. Dictators Challenge WORLD PEACE • Rise of Dictators in Europe • Benito Mussolini (1922) • Adolf Hitler (1933) • Japan challenges League of Nations • Invaded Manchuria (1931) and took parts of China (1937). • Withdrew from the “LEAGUE”. • Japan is led by their military • General Hideki Tojo • Emperor Hirohito

  4. In 1931, Japan invades and claims Manchuria. ~Japan invades China in 1937, marching into French Indochina by 1940. ~In Europe, Adolf Hitler's armies now occupy much of central Europe, including France. The world is at war.

  5. Italy seeks to create ‘ROMAN LAKE’ • Mussolini wants to show off “Modern Military”. • Invades ETHIOPIA, in Northern Africa. 1935 • Met with resistance, but Italy captures this country. • HaileSelassie asks for help from the LEAGUE. • LEAGUE votes on for sanctions. • League of Nations is powerless to stop this.

  6. HITLER AND APPEASEMENT • APPEASEMENT – “Giving in to the demands of an aggressor.” • Aims to defy Treaty of Versailles. • Builds up German military. **1st violation** • Placed troops in “demilitarized” RHINELAND. **Violation** • German people adore Hitler’s actions!! • “LEAGUE” does….nothing. • APPEASEMENT policy

  7. WHY Appeasement. . . .why? • France -- had domestic issues. • Needed British support to take on Hitler • Britain – No desire for conflict or war. • Actions justified b/c Versailles was too harsh. • Fascism, not as evil as Soviet COMMUNISM!! • Pacifism – Opposition to war. • United States – Isolationism • Neutrality Acts • No sale of arms to any country at war. • LAND-LEASE ACT – Provide war materials to Britain.

  8. ROME – BERLIN – TOKYO Axis • Hitler and Mussolini see the democracies as being weak. • Now is their time…. • Form alliance of Italy, Germany, and Japan. • Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis • They will be known as the AXIS POWERS

  9. Civil War in Espana -- 1936 • Spain controlled by an unpopular liberal Republic. • Conservative General Francisco Franco leads NATIONALISTS in a bloody revolt. • 1936 CIVIL WAR -- Nationalists vs. Loyalists • Hitler & Mussolini give help to Franco. • “Dress rehearsal” for German military • 1939 Franco establishes a fascist government in Spain.

  10. From Mein Kampf • “If the (Nazi) movement really wants to be (honored) by history with a great mission for our nation…it must find the courage to gather our people and their strength for an advance … that will lead this people from its present restricted living space to new land and soil.”

  11. Hitler’s Aggression Continues • 1938 – Hitler set to begin the ANSCHLUSS • Union of Austria and Germany. • Austrian chancellor forced to appoint NAZI’s in key cabinet positions. • German army sent to “preserve order”. • Hitler makes a speech as ruler of Austria from imperial palace. • VIOLATION of Versailles, but the west does NOTHING!

  12. The CZECH Crisis • Hitler sought his next victim, Czechoslovakia. • Claim 3 million “ETHNIC GERMANS” live in the Sudetenland. • Only two democracies left in Eastern Europe. • Hitler – ANNEX Sudetenland. • Munich Conference –1938 • Britain and France choose to APPEASE Hitler . • Hitler says, “NO further demands.”

  13. “Peace for our time…” • British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, “Conference had saved Czech. From destruction and Europe from Armageddon.” • French President Edouard Daladier, “The fools, why are they cheering.”

  14. They chose dishonor; they will have WAR.” • March 1939, Hitler takes rest of Czechoslovakia. • August 1939, Nazi-Soviet • Hitler and Stalin agree to non-aggression. • Hitler feared communism/Stalin fears fascism. • Hitler did not want to fight both the west and Soviet Union.

  15. An easy path to Poland • September 1, 1939 – German forces invade Poland. • Two days later, Britain and France honor commitment to Poland…. DECLARE WAR! • Fear of another war, led to Appeasement. • This war would be more horrendous than anyone could imagine.

  16. League of Nations NO ACTIONS League of Nations NO ACTIONS

  17. ?? WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ?? • 1.) Western Democracies adopted this policy in dealing with the aggressions of Hitler? • 2.) How does Hitler first defy the Treaty of Versailles? • 3.) Please name the event and date that will begin World War II.

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