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From Appeasement To War. 14.1 Notes. I. Aggression Goes Unchecked. Japan overruns Manchuria League of Nations does nothing Italy invades Ethiopia League voted sanctions but did not enforce Hitler re-arms and occupies Rhineland Both violations of Versailles treaty.
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From Appeasement To War 14.1 Notes
I. Aggression Goes Unchecked • Japan overruns Manchuria • League of Nations does nothing • Italy invades Ethiopia • League voted sanctions but did not enforce • Hitler re-arms and occupies Rhineland • Both violations of Versailles treaty
II. Appeasement and Neutrality • Appeasement- giving in to the demands of an aggressor • United States passes Neutrality Acts • Neutrality Acts- laws that forbid loans or selling of arms to nations at war • Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis- agreement to fight communism and not interfere with each other
III. Why the West Appeased Hitler • Fear of modern weaponry • Pacifism following WWI • Pacifism- opposition to all war • Great Depression • Faith in diplomacy • Fascism a defense vs. communism
IV. Spain Collapses Into Civil War • Francisco Franco- led a revolt that turned into a civil war • Hitler, Mussolini supported Franco • Stalin supported his opponents • Spain was used by Hitler as a testing ground for new weapons • Guernica- Spanish town that was bombed, 1,600 innocents die • Franco becomes fascist dictator
V. German Aggression Continues • Austria Annexed • Called Anschuluss • Nazis already controlled top government posts • Hitler just walked in and took it • Czech crisis • Hitler wanted Sudetenland, a German speaking portion of Czechoslovakia
VI. The Munich Conference • Munich Conference- West persuaded Czech to surrender Sudetenland to Hitler to avoid war • British PM Chamberlain declared “peace for our time” • Hitler assured them that there were no further plans to expand
VII. Europe Plunges Toward War • March 1939 Hitler takes the rest of Czech • Britain, France pledge to defend Poland, Hitler’s likely next target • Nazi-Soviet Pact- non-aggression pact • Secretly agreed not to fight if one went to war and to divide up Eastern Europe and Poland • September 1st, 1939 Hitler invades Poland • WWII begins