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Waves

Learn about mechanical waves, including transverse and longitudinal waves, their parts (crest, trough, amplitude, wavelength), and how particles move within these waves. Explore the relationship between frequency and wavelength.

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Waves

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  1. Waves

  2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RVyHkV3wIyk

  3. Mechanical Waves • Transfer energy without transferring matter • Needs a material to travel through • A moving particle slams into an adjacent particle, which slams into its adjacent particle which slams into its adjacent particle… (think Newton’s Cradle)

  4. Two Different Types • Transverse waves (S waves) – Particles vibrate in the opposite direction as the direction of travel. • Longitudinal waves (P waves)– Particles vibrate in the same direction as the direction of travel.

  5. Transverse Wave

  6. Longitudinal Waves (P waves)

  7. Parts of a Wave • Crest – a point on a wave with a maximum value (or “upward” displacement) • Trough – A point on a wave with a minimum value (or “lowest” displacement) • Amplitude – the maximum distance the particles in a wave vibrate from their rest positions • Wavelength (λ) – length of one wave cycle Brightstorm Period/frequency Brightstorm Wavelength Wave Simulation PHET

  8. Label the part of the wave

  9. Velocity (v) – How fast the wave is traveling. • Unit – meters/second • Period (T) – Time it takes to complete one cycle. • Frequency (f) – Number of complete cycles in one second. • Unit: Hz • Wave Velocity = Frequency x Wavelength Brightstorm Video until 2:20

  10. Practice Problems • A wave has a wavelength of 15m with a frequency of 0.5Hz. What is the velocity of the wave? • Wave Velocity = Frequency x Wavelength • Waves velocity = 0.5Hz. X 15m • Waves velocity = 7.5m • A wave has a wavelength of 10m with a frequency of 1.0Hz. What is the velocity of the wave? • 10m/s • A wave is traveling at a velocity of 20m/s and has a wavelength of 10m. What is the frequency of the wave? • 2Hz

  11. Motion of Particles • Transverse • Longitudinal Motion of Particles and types of waves video

  12. Relationship Between Frequency and Wavelength • As the wavelength increases, the frequency decreases. • As the wavelength decreases, the frequency increases.

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