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Achievements of the WHO NEHAP in Hungary as a pilot country of the progamme

This article highlights the achievements of the Hungarian NEHAP as a pilot country, focusing on improvements in average life expectancy, mortality rates, and various environmental programs studied. It also discusses the scope and purpose of NEHAP, collaborations with relevant parties, and the results of initiatives related to outdoor air quality, water quality, waste and soil quality, work environment, chemical safety, radiation safety, food safety, and more. The article concludes with future NEHAP issues for the 2000-2003 period.

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Achievements of the WHO NEHAP in Hungary as a pilot country of the progamme

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  1. Achievements of the WHO NEHAP in Hungary as a pilot country of the progamme A. Pintér, A. Páldy, T. Málnási, E. Erdei National Center for Public Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Hungary

  2. Average life-expectancy at birth (years), males 1970-1999

  3. Average life-expectancy at birth (years), females, 1970-1999

  4. Total mortality, male, 0-64 years, 1970-1999 standardized death rate / 100,000

  5. Total mortality, female, 0-64 years, 1970-1999 standardized death rate / 100,000

  6. Lung cancer mortality rates, males, 0-64 years, 1970-1999 standardized death rate / 100,000

  7. Lung cancer mortality rates, females, 0-64 years, 1970-1999 standardized death rate / 100,000

  8. Programs studied in the timeframe of Hungarian NEHAP 1997-1999. • Outdoor air quality • Water quality • Waste management and soil quality • Work environment, occupational health • Special aspects of chemical safety • Ionizing radiation safety • Food safety • Environmental noise • Indoor air quality • Environmental epidemiological information system

  9. Scope and Purpose of the Hungarian Environmental Action Programme I. • To promote an environment supportive to human health and improving the health status of the population. • To overview the most important environmental health issues and problems while setting priorities for implementations. • To develop scientifically-based projects including technological, economic and administrative details („bankable projects”), utilising available financial tools to support priorities.

  10. Scope and Purpose of the Hungarian Environmental Action Programme II. • To ensure close collaboration with respective ministries, agencies and other parties, with the health and environmental sectors playing a leading role. • To encourage local iniciatives (local governments, local NGOs) to improve environmental health in local areas. • To promote activities related to a healthy life style. • To encourage international collaborations in the field of environmental health

  11. ResultsOutdoor air quality • New approach for measurement methodology- emission sources, modelling in Tatabánya; modelling for other cities • Passive monitoring methodology for benzene, xylene, toluene measurements • EU conformed technics, measurement systems • Ragweed-caused allergic problems, continuous pollen monitoring network

  12. Ragweed infected agricultural lands in Hungary

  13. Water quality I. Drinking water: 97 % of population supplied with piped drinking water, generally good quality Problems: 1. Arsenic-Hungarian limit value: 50 g/l. 2. Nitrate- newborn methaemoglobinaemia 3. Ammonium, iron, manganese 4. Bacterial aftergrowth in deep well waters

  14. As concentration (µg/l) < 10 10 - 30 31 - 50 > 50 As concentration of drinking water in Hungary (1998) and clusters of mortality from cancer of the kidneys and bladder (ICD-10: C64-C68) 1986-1997

  15. Water quality II. • Bathing water-bacterial contaminations, low level of sewage treatment • Lake Balaton - summer algal blooms (rare), bacteriologically clean • New diagnostic methods for Cryptosporidium and Giardia determinations

  16. Waste and soil quality • In cooperation with the National Environmental Action Plan a survey of waste disposal (communal, industrial, agricultural) was carried out in 9 counties.

  17. Sites of pesticide and fertilizer disposal in County Békés Waste water producers and sites of disposal in County Békés pesticides & fertilizers fertilizers pesticides waste water producers disposal

  18. Other programmes • Work environment- asbestos exposure in wokplaces and environment- lung cancer risk assessment • Chemical safety • PCB compounds in the environment, their health effects • Host genetic polymorphisms and carcinogenic exposure relationships • Noise- industrial and service facilities, road and air traffic related measurements, analysis

  19. Radiation safety • occupational exposure, low levels (10-15% of the dose limits) Nuclear Power Plant (Paks) contributes only 1/1000 of the natural level • population exposure from medical sources (X-ray, isotope diagnostic, cancer treatment) • Uranium mining wastes and disposal wastes of nuclear energy Food safety • Pb, Cd, Hg, nitrate, PAHs, polychlorinated compounds, breast-milk PCBs

  20. Teaching environmental health and healhty life-style • Importance of education in the field of environmental health, pilot project in one county (Győr-Moson-Sopron), overall concepts from kindergarten level upto secondary school graduation; creative, active teaching form • Books, leaflets, complex educational tools for teachers and schools

  21. New NEHAP issues for 2000-2003 period • Climate change and its health effects in Hungary • Genetic polymorphisms and allergic diseases • Rural environment and its effect on the human health • Traffic and application of the Environment and Health Charta in Hungary • Persistent chlorine compounds • WHO Water and Health Document implications

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