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Domestic Abuse

Explore how domestic abuse impacts children, assessing risks, identifying vulnerabilities, and recognizing abuse types. Learn about the threats to unborn children, the importance of social networks, and the impact of parental mental illness. Delve into the vulnerability of babies and disabled children, and understand the various categories of abuse. Discover how to ensure children's safety and well-being in challenging situations.

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Domestic Abuse

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  1. Domestic Abuse

  2. How may children be affected? • It can pose a threat to an unborn child – domestic abuse often begins or intensifies during pregnancy • Children may get hurt in the crossfire • Children’s carer is injured • Domestic violence is emotionally damaging for children

  3. ParentalMental Illness

  4. Assessing Risk 1 • When did you last see the children: Are levels of child care different during periods of illness? • Child/adult relationships: What does the adult say about their relationship with the child? • Social networks: Are there extended family support networks?

  5. Assessing Risk 2 • Provision of basic needs: Is there adequate food, clothing and warmth for the children? • Safety within the home: Is all medication kept securely? • Other: Does the family remain in one area, or move frequently? If the latter, why?

  6. Vulnerability of Babies < 1 year • 6% total population of children under 18 Serious Case Reviews: • 2003 – 2005: 47% < 1year • 2005 – 2007: 46% < 1 year • 2007 – 2009: 45% < 1year Brandon et al (2010) Building on the Learning from Serious Case Reviews; DfE

  7. Cause of Death in Babies < 6/12 • 66 = Physical assault - many cases involved head injury thought to be linked to shaking. • 19 = Sudden infant death/co-sleeping – parental alcohol or drug use a common feature, and cases also often in context of neglect. • 5 = concealed pregnancies and unattended births.

  8. Vulnerability of Babies • Dependant and pre-verbal • Highly susceptible to physical harm • Unable to recognise abuse • Impact of post-natal depression on physical and emotional care of infant • Meaning of child in relationship • Pre term even more vulnerable

  9. Abuse of disabled children • Abusers think it is safer to victimise a disabled child. • Abusers are attracted to immature behaviour. • Disabled children receive less information about abuse. • May be less able to understand that behaviour is inappropriate. • More dependent – need extra care.

  10. Vulnerability of disabled children • May receive less affection from carers so are more accepting of sexual relationship as form of companionship (Kemp & Kemp). • Less able to disclose: - due to disability - less social contacts - due to isolation - less likely to be believed - limited ability to communicate

  11. Identifying vulnerability – video presentation

  12. 5. Defining and recognising abuse and neglect

  13. Categories of abuse • Physical • Emotional • Sexual • Neglect

  14. Physical Abuse • “Physical abuse may involve hitting, shaking, throwing, poisoning, burning or scalding, drowning, suffocating, or otherwise causing physical harm to a child. Physical harm may also be caused when a parent or carer fabricates the symptoms of, or deliberately induces, illness in a child.” • WTSC 2013

  15. Burn Accidental distribution

  16. Burn Non-accidental distribution

  17. Accidental fracture patterns in children

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