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United States History & Government 11 th Grade Boys & Girls Al-Madinah School January 3, 2020

How did Big Businesses Grow in Size and Power and What did Workers do to Improve Conditions in the Growing Industries?. United States History & Government 11 th Grade Boys & Girls Al-Madinah School January 3, 2020. Competition in The Business.

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United States History & Government 11 th Grade Boys & Girls Al-Madinah School January 3, 2020

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  1. How did Big Businesses Grow in Size and Power and What did Workers do to Improve Conditions in the Growing Industries? United States History & Government 11th Grade Boys & Girls Al-Madinah School January 3, 2020

  2. Competition in The Business • Social Darwinism: “natural selection” enabled the best suited people to survive and succeed • Supported the ideas of competition, hard work and responsibility • Andrew Carnegie Controls Steel Industry using 2 integration method • Vertical integration • Horizontal integration

  3. Efforts to Control Competition • Most Entrepreneurs tried to create monopoly by • Buying out competitors or • Driving them out of business • They created holding companies or trusts • John D. Rockefeller used Standard Oil trust • Made huge profits • He was termed robber baron by people • Sherman Antitrust law was devised to punish the trust makers.

  4. Workers’ Response to Business Consolidation • Many workers worked under harsh conditions • Dangerous environment • Low wages • Women & children were exploited • National Labor Union (NLU) was formed • In 1868 Persuaded Congress to pass law to make an 8 hour workday for government workers • Colored National Labor Union was formed after NLU excluded African-Americans • Knights of Labor was also formed.

  5. Union Diversity and Action • 1886: American Federation of Labor (AFL), a craft union, was formed by Samuel Gompers, which used: • Strikes • Collective bargaining • Eugene V. Debs formed American Railway Union (ARU), an industrial union • Turned to socialism • 1905: Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) or Wobblies was formed by radicals and socialists, led by William Haywood • Japanese & Mexican Farm workers also formed union in the west to improve living conditions.

  6. Union Strategies • Strikes • 1877: Baltimore & Ohio railroad workers went on strike to protest wage cut. • Federal troops broke up the protest • Turn to Violence • 1886: Haymarket Affair in Chicago – bomb blast killed few people • Labor leaders were tried in court and 4 hanged • 1892: Homestead, Pennsylvania: fighting between workers and Pinkerton guards • 1894: Eugene Debs’ union workers fought with Pullman • Marry Harris Jones organized United Mine Workers. • Courts used Sherman antitrust act against workers

  7. Review • _________The Bessemer process was useful way to turn iron to steel. • _________Edwin L. Drake invented the Telephone. • _________ The Interstate Commerce Act increased federal government’s power over railroads • _________A business farm that controls all the competition in an industry holds a trust over the industry • _________ In the 1800s some unions looked to collective bargaining to reach agreements between workers and employers.

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