CCRI BIOLOGY

1. CCRI BIOLOGY Bloodborne (BB) Pathogen Training Resouce: OSU Environmental Health and Safety

2. A bloodborne pathogen is disease causing microorganism that is carried in the blood (or other bodily fluids). What is a BB Pathogen?

3. Some Diseases Caused by BB Pathogens • Malaria • Brucellosis • Syphilis • Hepatitis B(HBV) • Hepatitis C(HCV) • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

4. OSHA BB Pathogen Standard • The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard was enacted to reduce the occupational transmission of bloodborne and other potential infectious materials (OPIM), in particular- Hepatitis B(HBV) Hepatitis C(HCV) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

5. In addition to blood, potentially infectious bodily fluids include: • Human blood components, and products made from human blood • Semen • Amniotic fluid • Pleural fluid • Synovial fluid • Vaginal secretions • Cerebrospinal fluid • Saliva in dental procedures • Body Fluids that cannot be readily identified Note--saliva, urine, feces, vomit are not included in the standard unless they are visibly contaminated with blood.

6. Training All employees who could be reasonably expected, as a result of their job duties, to come into contact with blood or other infectious materials are required to complete BB PATHOGEN training every year.

7. This training will include: • an explanation of the standard • information on the epidemiology, symptoms, and modes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens • explanations of • the exposure control plan • personal protective equipment • the hepatitis B vaccine • emergency procedures.

8. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) • HIV is the virus that causes AIDS • HIV depletes the immune system • HIV does not survive well outside the body • No threat on contracting HIV through casual contact

9. Hepatitis B (HBV) • 1—1.25 million Americans are chronically infected • Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting • May lead to chronic liver disease, liver cancer, and death • HBV can survive for at least one week in dried blood • Symptoms can occur 1-9 months after exposure • Vaccination available since 1982

10. Hepatitis C (HCV) • Hepatitis C is the most common chronic bloodborne infection in the United States • Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting • May lead to chronic liver disease and death

11. Contact with another person’s blood or a bodily fluid that may contain blood. These agents are transmitted by

12. They enter the body via : • Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose • Non-intact skin • Contaminated sharps/needles

13. "Universal precautions" are precautions designed to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and other bloodborne pathogens. Under universal precautions, all blood and body fluids are considered potentially infectious for HIV, HBV and other bloodborne pathogens.

14. Wear gloves when there is the potential for hand or skin contact with blood, other potentially infectious material, or items and surfaces contaminated with these materials. Wear face protection during procedures that are likely to generate droplets of blood or body fluid to prevent exposure to mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyes. Wear protective body clothing (disposable laboratory coats, Tyvek) when there is a potential for splashing of blood or body fluids. Source: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Universal Precautions, 22 December 1998, (5 October 2000). Wash hands or other skin surfaces thoroughly and immediately if contaminated with blood, body fluids containing visible blood, or other body fluids to which universal precautions apply. Wash hands immediately after gloves are removed. Avoid injuries that can be caused by handling sharp instruments, and disposing of used needles, pipettes, etc. Used needles, disposable syringes, scalpel blades, pipettes, and other sharp items are to be placed in puncture-resistant containers marked with a biohazard symbol for disposal. Universal Precautions

15. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • When using PPE (gloves, face shields, lab coats) • Always check PPE for defects or tears before using • If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and get new • Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated area • Do not reuse disposable equipment

16. Decontamination Always wear PPE when attempting to decontaminate an area where blood or bodily fluids have been spilled!

17. Decontamination • Do an initial wipe up • Treat with 10% bleach solution allow to stand for ten minutes then wipe up • Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers • PPE should be removed and disposed of in biohazard containers

18. Hand Washing • Wash hands immediately after removing PPE • Use a soft antibacterial soap • A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with soap and water as soon as possible.

19. Biohazard labeling • Biohazard waste receptacles must be labeled with the universal biohazard symbol, and the term “Biohazard” Similar labeling is required on • refrigerators or freezers containing blood or OPIM • containers used to store, transport, or ship blood or OPIM

20. Biohazardous (Regulated) waste includes: • Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) • Contaminated items that would release blood or OPIM when compressed • Contaminated sharps • Pathological and microbiological waste containing blood or OPIM

21. Exposure • In the case of mucous membrane exposure, needlestick, or cut injury involving infectious material, immediately cleanse wounds and exposure sites with soap and water. • If blood is splashed in the eye or mucous membrane, flush the affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes. • File an Incident Report with College Security and send a copy to the Chemical Safety Coordinator.

22. Post-Exposure Evaluation • Exposed employees should seek testing, and, if necessary, treatment and follow-up counseling. • Provided by the employee’s own physician, at an emergency room or available through Workers Compensation to College employees by Occupational Health and Rehabilitation, Inc. of Warwick and Pawtucket, Rhode Island. (Information on OH+R services is available from College Personnel) • Exposure and testing records are confidential and kept by OH+R.

23. Hepatitis B Vaccination • Strongly endorsed by medical communities • The hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all health care workers and others whose jobs involve exposure to blood and other potentially infectious materials. • Hepatitis B vaccine is offered free of charge to College employees in that category. • Employees who decline to accept the Hepatitis B Vaccination offered by CCRI will be required to sign the Hepatitis B Vaccination Refusal Form. Documentation of the vaccination and a record of the training will be kept on file by the College's Chemical Safety Coordinator.

24. Recordkeeping • Medical records include: • Hepatitis B vaccination status • Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results Training records include: • Training dates • Contents of the training • Signature of trainer and trainee • Bloodborne pathogen quiz results

25. In Conclusion BB pathogen rules are in place for your health and safety

26. ????Questions???? • CCRI Chemical Safety Coordinators • Rick FooteOutsourcing Program DirectorTriumvirate Environmentalccrifoote@ccri.eduTel: 617-686-6184 or401-333-7129 Chris SwartzelField Chemist Triumvirate Environmentalccriswartzel@ccri.eduTel: 617-839-3586 or401-333-7129