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Testing Standards

Testing Standards. Reliability The degree to which a procedure or test will yield the same results under the same conditions Test-retest reliability Internal consistency Inter-rater reliability. 75. 75. 75. Testing Standards. Validity Does it test what it is supposed to?

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Testing Standards

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  1. Testing Standards • Reliability • The degree to which a procedure or test will yield the same results under the same conditions • Test-retest reliability • Internal consistency • Inter-rater reliability 75 75 75

  2. Testing Standards • Validity • Does it test what it is supposed to? • Predictive validity • Criterion-related validity • Construct validity • Content validity • Emotion • Cognitive • Behavior SCORE = 100

  3. Assessment • Process of gathering information and drawing conclusions about an one’s personality • Observations • Controlled (analogue) observations • Naturalistic observations • Reactivity • Interviews • Formal standardized interview • highly structured • Mental status examination • determine an individual’s cognitive, psychological, and behavioral functioning

  4. Projective Personality Tests • Rorschach Technique • Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) • Sentence-Completion Test • Draw-a-Person • Problems: • Reliability • Validity • Subjectivity

  5. Psychological Tests and Inventories

  6. Self-Report Inventories • Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI and MMPI-2) • Beck Depression Inventory • Psychometrics

  7. Intelligence Tests • Primary functions: • Obtain IQ • Assess deterioration in psychotic disorders • Secondary function: • Provide clinical data • Wechsler Scales and Stanford-Binet Scales • Intellectual functioning is related to brain wave patterns and rate of glucose metabolism

  8. curmudgeon curmudgeon

  9. Figure 3.2: A Bell Curve Showing Standard Deviations 100 85 115 70 130 55 145

  10. Tests for Cognitive Impairment • Detect and assess organicity • damage or deterioration in the central nervous system

  11. Neurological Tests

  12. DSM-IV-TR: The Five Axes • Axis I: Clinical syndromes • Axis II: Personality disorders and mental retardation • Axis III: General medical conditions • Axis IV: Psychosocial and environmental problems • Prognosis: predict future course of disorder • Axis V: Global assessment of functioning • Comorbidity: Co-occurrence of different disorders

  13. Evaluation of the DSM Classification System • DSM-IV-TR: Stronger reliability and validity than previous editions • Criticisms: • Medical (not social/interpersonal) orientation • Lacks scientific theory for classifications • Political/practical aspects inseparable from scientific considerations • Overlooks differences in degree of severity • Cross-cultural issues still overlooked • Question usefulness for research

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