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Curriculum, Standards, and Testing

6. Curriculum, Standards, and Testing. EDUCATIONAL TIME LINE. 6.1. EDUCATIONAL TIME LINE (continued). 6.2. HIDDEN CURRICULUM?. 6.3. Student Generated Responses: What else did you learn in school?. GRADE LEVEL Elementary Middle High School. “HIDDEN” LESSONS.

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Curriculum, Standards, and Testing

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  1. 6 Curriculum, Standards, and Testing

  2. EDUCATIONAL TIME LINE 6.1

  3. EDUCATIONAL TIME LINE (continued) 6.2

  4. HIDDEN CURRICULUM? 6.3 Student Generated Responses: What else did you learn in school? • GRADE LEVEL • Elementary • Middle • High School • “HIDDEN” LESSONS

  5. Do you consider extracurricular activities as important as the academic subjects, or do you consider them as only a supplement to the academic subjects? THE IMPORTANCE OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AND ACADEMIC SUBJECTS 6.4 Source: Lowell C. Rose and Alec M. Gallup (2000), The 32nd Annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll of the Public’s Attitudes Toward the Public Schools, http://www.pdkintl.org/kappan/kpol0009.htm#1a

  6. SHAPING THE CURRICULUM 6.5 Figure 6.1

  7. WHO AND WHAT SHAPE THE CURRICULUM? 6.6 Student Generated Responses • WHO & WHAT • Students • Parental and community groups • Teachers • Administrators • Federal government • State government • Local government • Colleges and universities • Standardized tests • Education commissions andcommittees • Professional organizations • Special interest groups • EXAMPLES OF HOW

  8. THE DIGITAL DIVIDE ON COMPUTER USE 6.7 Source: National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics, 2008 (Issued March 2009). Figure 6.2

  9. TEXTBOOK ADOPTION STATES 6.8 Source: American Association of Publishers, Washington, DC, 2009. Figure 6.3

  10. FORMS OF BIAS 6.9 • BIAS • Invisibility • Stereotyping • Imbalance/selectivity • Unreality • Fragmentation/isolation • Linguistic bias • Cosmetic bias • EXAMPLES Student Generated Responses

  11. THREE TYPES OF STANDARDS 6.10 • Content standards • Performance standards • Opportunity-to-learn standards Student Generated Responses

  12. WHEN STUDENTS DO POORLY 6.11 • The schools failed to prepare students. • Something was wrong with the test design. • The students lack ability. • Don’t know. • How do we vote? If students in your district did poorly on a standardized test, which might be your reaction?

  13. NO CHILD LEFT BEHIND (2001) 6.12 • Annual testing • Adequate yearly progress (AYP) • Report cards • Highly qualified faculty • What other areas of the law are less well known?

  14. SEVEN REASONS WHY STANDARDIZED TESTS ARE NOT WORKING 6.13 • At-risk students placed at greater risk • Lower graduation rates • Higher test scores do not mean more learning • Standardized testing shrinks the curriculum • Test errors • Teacher stress • What’s worth knowing?

  15. TEACHING TO THE TEST 6.14 Source: Education Week, Quality Counts, 2001.

  16. TEACHER STRESS 6.15 Source: A female teacher with a literature specialty teaching in a suburban elementary school. http://ganesh.ed.asu.edu/aims/view_image.php?image_id=72&grade_range_id=3 Figure 6.4

  17. DO YOU BELIEVE IN EVOLUTION? 6.16 Source: “Trend Lines: Acceptance of Evolution,” The Washington Post, January 16, 2007. Figure 6.5

  18. EXAMPLES OF CENSORSHIP 6.17 • Mary Rodgers’ Freaky Friday: “Makes fun of parents and parental responsibility.” • Plato’s Republic: “This book is un-Christian.” • Jules Verne’s Around the World in Eighty Days: “Very unfavorable to Mormons.” • William Shakespeare’s Macbeth: “Too violent for children.” • Fyodor Dostoyevsky’s Crime and Punishment: “Serves as a poor model for young people.” • Herman Melville’s Moby Dick: “Contains homosexuality.” • Anne Frank’s Diary of a Young Girl: “Obscene and blasphemous.” • E. B. White’s Charlotte’s Web: “Morbid picture of death.” • J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Hobbit: “Subversive elements.” • Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory: “Racist.” • Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: “Racism, insensitivity, and offensive language.” • Webster’s Dictionary: “Contains sexually explicit definitions.” • Justin Richardson and Peter Parnell’s And Tango Makes Three, for being anti-ethnic and anti-family, homosexuality, religious viewpoint, unsuited to the age group. • Philip Pullman’s His Dark Materials trilogy for the political viewpoint, religious viewpoint, and violence. • Alvin Schwartz’s Scary Stories for occult/satanism, religious viewpoint, and violence.

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