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Group 10

Group 10. Megan Packer Tyler Wilkinson Lauren Lukas Chris Smith Caity Bowen Eric Matthews Kelsey Springer Q Lee. Introduction. India- Diversity Spain and Portugal- Bullfighting Australia- Outdoor Recreational A ctivities Sub-Saharan African Bush Taxi Summary . India.

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Group 10

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  1. Group 10 Megan Packer Tyler Wilkinson Lauren Lukas Chris Smith Caity Bowen Eric Matthews Kelsey Springer Q Lee

  2. Introduction • India- Diversity • Spain and Portugal- Bullfighting • Australia- Outdoor Recreational Activities • Sub-Saharan African Bush Taxi • Summary

  3. India • “Studying India is like looking into a kaleidoscope which is turning constantly. India is complex. It is colorful. It offers multiple evolving patterns which are contained within one framework.” – Julian Crandall Hollick

  4. Diversity in India • High-Rise Next to Slums • Mumbai will be home to first billion dollar home- A 27 story skyscraper estimated at 2 billion dollars - Forbes.com • 2006 Bangalore rampage (prosperity and poverty) • Largest slum in Asia is between the Mumbai airport and downtown Mumbai • 300 known languages in India, 24 have 1 million speakers 15-16 official languages

  5. Religion • Birthplace to four major religions • Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism • 80% Hindu, 14% Muslim, 3% Christian, 1.86% Sikh • Buddhism – Siddhartha Gautama • Four noble truths • Fourth largest religion in the world • Dalai Lama lives in Dharamsala, India

  6. Religion • Jainism- Mahavira • Approx. 4 million followers • Three jewels/ “Guiding principles” • Strict vegetarians • Aim to minimize use of world resources Sikhism- Guru Nanak • Youngest of world religions (500 yrs. old) • Most live in Punjab • Mistaken for Taliban after 9/11/01 • 8% of Indian Army

  7. Religion • Zoroastrianism (Parsis) • One of the oldest religions • Parsis escaped persecution in Persia (Iran) • Guard their culture and customs • One invisible God • War between good and evil

  8. Festivals • Birthday of Lord Ganesha • Deepawali/ Diwali • Festival of Holi • Janamashtami (Lord Krishna’s Birthday) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ehoqSkyLw0 • Eid-ul-Fitr • Participation in non-member religious celebrations and festivals Lord Ganesha

  9. Indian Cuisine • India considered to possess one of most diverse cuisines in world • Integral part of weddings, festivals, and the day-to-day • Wedding • Typically unfolds over several days • Southern India – banana leaves • Modern Indian wedding feast plays host to many international and national cuisines

  10. India • Cell Phones • “They won’t have food, but they will have their cell phone!” • World’s fastest growing cell market • Call Centers • Outsourcing • Increased westernization • Opportunities for women

  11. Sports in India • Cricket • Lasts several hours to several days • Westernized sporting practices • Cheerleaders • Rule changes, premier leagues • Best athletes are national stars (Bollywood) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9STtcwo0xE

  12. India • Education Curriculum • Private education superpower • Very poor public education • Future • Economic Boom vs. Crumbling Infrastructure • Shift toward Westernized economies and cultures

  13. The Spanish Bullfight

  14. Characteristics • Spaniards most known characteristic: contagious vitality • Bullfighting is a celebration of life • Some Spaniards do not support bullfighting • Sunday afternoon entertainment

  15. The Bullfight Begins • “Running of the Bulls”- Corrida de Toros • Commencement • Three groups of principal participants in the corrida • Bull confronted by matadors assistants & enters ring • Demonstrates bravery • Two picador enter the ring on horseback • Weaken bull to decrease speed • 15 minutes to display skills before the kill • 15 min to display set of skills • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PHCKWH0oxHc

  16. Features of Bullfight • Cuadrillas • Sol y Sombra • Pompous parade entrance • Audience involvement • Ritual of the bullfight Parade before the Bullfight

  17. SpaniardsA Varied People • Common personality traits • Cultural Attributes • Romans • “Vulgar Latin” • Constructed bridges and roads • Spread of Christianity • Muslim Arabs • 4,000 words used in Modern Spanish • Advances in fields • Irrigation,math, medicine, and architecture

  18. Honoring the Collective • Desirable for Spaniards to live as close together as possible. • True loyalty directed toward smaller unit • Family, friends, town, or religion • Protective over family • Four different languages spoken • Catalonian, Galician, Castillian, and Basque. • Geographical barriers • Cuadrillas: Shows Spaniard attitude towards teams and collectivism; means “group, bank, or gang”

  19. Regional States in Spain • Galicia • Northwestern corner of Spain (above Portugal) • Frequent rain and drizzle, lush vegetation • Gallegans • Fair skin and light eyes • Work as fisherman, shepherds, and farmers • Speak their own language-mixture of Portuguese and Castilian Spanish • Iberians • Speak the Basque language, Euskara

  20. Regional states in spain • Bilbao • Eastward along the northern Coastline of Spain • Basque countryside- Alpine vistas of rolling hills and Swiss-style Farmhouses • Castile • Center of Spain, on plateau at an altitude of 2,000-3,000 feet • Birthplace of Spain’s official language, known outside as Spanish and inside Spain as Castilian • Federal government resides in Spain’s Capital, Madrid

  21. REGIONAL STATES OF SPAIN • Madrid • Northeastern corner, between the Pyrenees Mountains and the Mediterranean Sea • Large textile and tourist industries • Culture is more European than the rest of Spain • Catalans • Language is highly related to the southern French Provencal • Andalusia • Southern Spain • Home of the Bullfight, Gypsies, and “Dark Spaniards” • Climate is relentlessly hot and dry • Mediterranean essence Royal Palace of Madrid

  22. Pompous Entrance Parade • More joyful side of Spanish Culture represented by the “Paseillo” at the beginning of the bullfight • Corrida • Proud march of individuals • Lavishly costumed, everyone struts into the ring in descending hierarchical order according to their importance

  23. Values and culture • Values • Honor, dignity, pride, and a contempt for manual labor • Came into the Spanish Culture during its centuries of battles and heroes • Spanish Individualism • Anarchic and inorganic • Produces a number of outcomes for the Spanish Culture • Helps explain the Spanish people’s lack of collective efforts • Difficult cooperating with other countries

  24. Audience Involvement • Cheers and shouts of Ole! • Highlight the strong Spanish emotionalism • Emotional nature of Spanish expression is not only a one-sided outpouring but also an interactive form of communication • Attributes relate back to social behavior previously mentioned • Gregarious and fun-loving nature is magnified by their uninhibited emotionalism • Generous and hospitable

  25. Rituals and celebrations • Regionalism • Sense of tragedy and proud individualism • Ultimate ritual is the bullfight • Rituals define the bullfight • Way of combining festivity with solemnity and life with death • Fiestas • Ritual like bullfighting • Extravagant costumes, floats, processions, and drinking • Wilder aspect of Paganism

  26. RELIGION • Christianity • Entered Spain during Roman Rule in first century after Christ • Spanish people preserved their pagan traditions along with new Christian beliefs • Spanish people don’t always deal directly with God • Common for Spaniards to pray to the Virgin Mary and the Saints

  27. Portugal and Portuguese Bullfighting

  28. Portugal • Population of 10 million • One of the poorest countries in Western Europe • Six separate rounds in the Portuguese bullfight each with a specific cavaleiro (mounted horseman) and forcados (footmen). • Cavaleiros represent the noble class with elegance and style • Forcados represent the common laborer of Portugal

  29. Portuguese BULLFIGHTING • Cavaleiro’s role is to demonstrate his control of the horse and his ability to avoid the bull • The forcados’ are an eight man team who jump in front of the bull in an attempt to bring the bull to a stand still • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4ExoMwC338

  30. PORTUGESE RELIGION • Portugal is 97% Catholic • Many go to confession on a weekly basis • As important as attending Sunday Mass • Portuguese use the clergy just like we would use a psychologist • Seek inner truth and strength

  31. Roles Within Society • Authority is rarely challenged in their hierarchical culture • Roles of men and women are clearly defined • The man is seen as the conqueror and hunter who provides for the family • The woman is the supporter and does the cooking and cleaning • Portugal ranks 45 of 53 nations on the masculine-feminine dimensions and high on the gender egalitarianism

  32. MARRIAGE • Divorce is uncommon in Portugal and is considered a disgrace • When a wife or husband cheats, they are said to be meter oscornoswhich means gored by the bull • The man is expected to remarry and if he is unsuccessful, his family may feel a sense of shame and call him a quitter

  33. Business relations • Long term trust is important • The Portuguese are suspicious and afraid of getting burned in a deal, however they are friendly • Relationship building, especially outside of work, is important in gaining trust and building the rapport needed to do business • Timeliness is important, disrespectful if you don’t arrive on time

  34. Society as a Whole • Portugal is a collectivist society • After each bullfight the cavaleiros and forcados meet in the center of the ring and shake hands symbolizing the coming together of social classes • Citizens easily approachable and helpful • Many international travelers who visit Portugal are left with a special warmth for the people

  35. Importance of Family • Family is the most important institution • Many people have no close friendships outside the family • It is common for people to marry their neighbors and live near their parents, friends, and place of birth • Lunch is the most important meal of the day and everything in the country shuts down from noon and two, so people can relax and enjoy their meal

  36. Symbol of Bravery • The pegais a symbol of bravery • The cavaleiros are paid, while the forcados are amateurs and don’t make any money at all • The forcados do it for the love of the ritual as a joyous celebration of tradition and bravery • The bullfight forces a man to look deep within himself for a sense of pride, and is a reminder of the hardships of previous generations

  37. Persistence • Saving face is a concept that is important to the Portuguese. • They are stubborn but persistent. • If they can not build a relationship with you outside of a business setting, you are not likely to have success in your business meeting. • They do not consider themselves to be slaves to the clock.

  38. Australian Outdoor Recreational Activities

  39. About Australia • Like Americans, their interactions tend to be highly informal. • The landscape includes deserts, mountains, and rain forests. • Over half of the population lives five cities, with almost 85% living in towns near the coasts.

  40. Australia in American Culture • Australian film Mad Max with Mel Gibson was so popular in the US it led to two sequels • Outback Steakhouse • Famous Australian TV and movie stars • Nicole Kidman, Hugh Jackman, Chris and Liam Hemsworth

  41. What Makes Australia Unique • Variety of unusual animals unique to Australia • Wombats, koala bears, kangaroos • Famous landmarks • Great Barrier Reef, Sydney Opera House • Australian English • Warm climate year-round

  42. Recreational Activities • Outdoor Recreational Activities are the most popular • Include cricket, tennis, soccer, sailing, horse racing • Australian football • Cross between soccer, rugby, and U.S. football • Gambling • 80% of the adult population gambles • Usually involves sports or sporting events

  43. Importance of Equality • ANZAC Day- celebrates the defeat of the Australian army at Gallipoli • Highly individualistic and low on power distance • “Tall Poppy Syndrome” • Equality Matching

  44. Social Aspects • Equality matching evolved from the concept of “mates” • Clear distinction between in- and out-group • Joining the “in-group” requires time, patience, and appropriate behaviors • Individuals must be “Aussie battlers” • Look down on “dole budgers”

  45. Africa and the • Sub-Saharan Bush Taxi

  46. History of Africa • Human history began in Africa about 7 million years ago • Homo habilis (toolmaker) • Homo erectus • Homo sapiens • 1st African civilization: Egypt • Scattered groups of hunter gatherers • Metallurgy and agriculture. • Creation of kingdoms.

  47. Sub-Saharan Africa Lies south of the Sahara. 5 of the 6 major divisions of humanity can be found in Africa Quarter of the world’s languages are spoken only in Africa Overall population more than 743 million 47 countries Largest: Nigeria Smallest: Seychelles South Africa has the largest GDP Guinea Bissau has the smallest GDP

  48. Impact of Slavery • Slavery was always practiced in Africa • Around 1500, arrival of Europeans led to an explosion in the practice • Only the strongest and the most productive member of the society. • By early 1900’s 5 countries controlled virtually the whole of Africa. • End of WWII led to decolonization. • By 1973 47 independent nation were born.

  49. Impact of Slavery • Modern Africa: Known for problems rather than its success • Famine, civil wars, military coups, poverty, Aids, Ebola, and genocide • Foreign direct investment in Africa is minuscule • Crude Oil

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