Ancient Greece – Science, Politics, Philosophy and Religion

1. Ancient Greece – Science, Politics, Philosophy and Religion

2. Greek Science Found a way to Organized Geometry measure circumference into one set of books. of the earth. Proved that the earth revolves around the sun. Eratosthenes Euclid Aristarchus

3. Greek Science and Olympics The Greeks developed the Olympics. They Greek Olympics were held every four years. Only men could participate. They included events like a race, a javelin throw, and discus throw. Their scientists studied the best way to perform sports.

4. Olympics Today • Today we participate in the Olympics every 4 years. • Both men and women compete. • There are hundreds of events, but they still include races, the javelin throw and the discus throw.

5. Greek Influences TodayRead pages 230-231 and answer the following. Greek ScienceUse the diagrams under “Greek Astronomy” on page 228 and answer the following. _____1. According to Ptolemy, where is the sun located? a. In the center b. Between Venus and Mars c. Next to Jupiter _____2. Which of the 3 theories was most accurate (correct)? a. Eratosthenes’ b. Aristarchus’ c. Ptolemy’s _____3. What is circumference? a. Distance between planets b. Distance around the earth c. Distance between the sun and the earth _____4. Which is true? a. Our solar system is part of the universe b. The sun is the center of the universe _____5. What was the focus of Aristarchus’ astronomy? a. The earth b. The sun c. The universe _____1. In the past, what event was held in Olympia? • The Olympics b. The Hundreds c. The Architects _____2. Who could compete in the early Olympics? • Men b. Women c. Both men and women _____3. Ancient Greeks strived for the ideal in what area? • Architecture only b. Art only c. All areas of life _____4. Why were columns important in architecture? • They lend a sense of authority to the building • They provided a row of protection for the building • They made the building bigger _____5. Which word does NOT describe Greek architecture? • Geometry b. Ideal c. Photography _____6. How many qualified jurors were required for a trial? • As many as 6,000 b. As many as 500 c. As many as 12 _____7. Jurors were selected by using rows of what? • Marble plates b. Stone plates c. Metal plates _____8. In the United States, who makes up a jury pool? • Adult citizens b. All adults c. All males _____9. How many people usually make up a jury pool? • 6-12 b. Less than 6 c. More than 12 ____10. What do the jury systems of Ancient Greece and America have in common? • Number of jurors required • Type of selection process used • That jurors are paid

6. Political terms • Parts of Greece were a democracya type of government where people vote. • Most of Greece was a monarchy a type of government ruled by a king or queen. • Sparta was an oligarchy, government ruled by a few. They had 2 kings.

7. Politics: The first democracy Athens was a direct democracy where people vote on everything. All male citizens were allowed to participate in anything that required a government decision.

8. Democracy Today Today in America we have a Representative Democracy We vote for people to make decisions for us.

9. Greek Philosophy • Greeks developed study of basic truths. philosophy

10. Greek Philosophers Socrates Forced people to think by asking question after question. Now called the Socratic Method. Socrates’ student. Started a school called the Academy. Forced people to think by writing dialogues – conversations. Plato’s student. Started a school called the Lyceum. Tutored Alexander the Great. Plato Aristotle

11. SocratesRead “History Makers” on page 227 and answer the questions to the left. _____1. How long did Socrates live? a. 99 years b. 71 years c. 40 years _____2. What won him many followers? a. His wealth b. His appearance c. His intelligence _____3. Socrates claimed he knew a great deal about things. a. True b. False _____4. People were always happy with Socrates’ teachings? a. True b. False _____5. Where did Socrates live? a. Athens b. Socrate c. Clouds _____6. Socially, Socrates was _____. a. Famous b. Wealthy c. A King _____7. Socrates was well groomed. a. True b. False _____8. “Clouds” is ___. a. A comedy about Socrates b. A tragedy about Socrates c. A novel about Socrates _____9. Socrates felt he was smarter than everyone else he knew. a. True b. False _____10. People followed Socrates because he was a. Smart b. Charismatic c. Wealthy d. A&B e. B & C

12. Greek religion was polytheistic - they worshiped many gods.

13. Greek Gods • There were many Greek gods. Some were: Zeus – Ruler of the gods Hera – the wife of Zeus Athena – goddess of wisdom

14. The Story of Medusa and Athena

15. Greek Inventions • The Greeks invented dice. • The Greeks invented the crane.

16. Greek Military • Some Greeks were obsessed with war. • Boys were sent to military school at a young age. • Boys born deformed were left to die on mountainsides

17. Greek Military - Soldiers • A hoplite was a Greek infantry soldier. • Hoplites were middle-class freemen who had to pay for their own weapon and shield.

18. Greek Military - Inventions • The Greeks invented the catapult. • It could throw 300 pound stones at walls and buildings • The Greeks used the Flamethrower!

19. Greek TimelineUse the timeline to the left to answer these questions. ____1. Which happened last? • The Trojan War • The first Olympics • The Crucifixion of Jesus _____2. What two things happened in the same year? • Alexander dies and The Hellenistic Period starts • Aristotle is born and Plato founds the Academy • Euripides and Sophocles write their first tragedies _____3. Which happened first? • Greek coins were introduced • Bubonic Plague in Athens • The Greek alphabet was developed _____4. Who led the Greek/Persian wars? • Draco b. Xerxes c. Phillip II _____5. Where did Alexander build the great library? • Athens b. Egypt c. Rhodes _____6. When was the Byzantine Empire formed? a. 286BC b. 286AD c. 267AD _____7. Where did Alexander the Great die? • Helen b. Alexandria c. Babylon _____8. Which came first? • Dark Ages b. Bronze Age c. Classical Period _____9. How did Socrates die? • Natural causes b. In battle c. Executed _____10. Who was born last? a. Aristotle b. Alexander the Great c. Jesus