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Ch. 14 Life in the Industrial Age 1800 – 1900 Daily Life in the Late 1800s

Unit 4: The Impact of Industrialization. Ch. 14 Life in the Industrial Age 1800 – 1900 Daily Life in the Late 1800s. Cities Grow and Change. The Industrial City required Factories Large workforce Transportation network Warehouses Office buildings & stores

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Ch. 14 Life in the Industrial Age 1800 – 1900 Daily Life in the Late 1800s

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  1. Unit 4: The Impact of Industrialization Ch. 14Life in the Industrial Age1800 – 1900Daily Life in the Late 1800s

  2. Cities Grow and Change The Industrial City required • Factories • Large workforce • Transportation network • Warehouses • Office buildings & stores Cities tended to specialize in certain industries • Lowell, MA – textiles • Pittsburgh, PA – steel • Chicago, IL – meatpacking Cities of this time were noisy, busy, crowded, and dirty • Sanitation, pollution, housing, safety issues

  3. Migration to the Cities “Push” factors • Escape hunger, political unrest, religious persecution, the law “Pull” factors • Opportunity, jobs, land, freedom, family Cities of this period were diverse places • Many different nationalities, languages, religions, customs, cultures • In 1890, NY City was 42% foreign-born • Life was difficult in tenement slums with little support and people looking to exploit your vulnerability

  4. The Livable City Reforms eventually improved life • Water & sewer systems (indoor plumbing) • Fire & Police departments • Public Health departments Electricity -improved life and made streets safer Skyscrapers -built to house more people in less space Subways -constructed in larger cities to lessen congestion Parks- developed to provide city-dwellers some breaks from the crowded streets Suburbs- allowed people to live in quieter countryside and commute to city for work

  5. Education and Information Public education established to • Develop an educated workforce & informed citizens • By 1870, laws passed to fund education for all children in western Europe and U.S. • Vocational schools established to help working-class kids • Education opportunity lagged behind for lower class & women • Eventually, women’s colleges were formed Newspapers became impt. part of city life • Expanded coverage to include comics, sports, political cartoons, and weekly fictional serials • Telegraph made foreign news available as well

  6. Leisure Time Leisure time increased and led to new types of entertainment • Professional sports • Resort vacations • Amusement parks • Concert Halls • Theatres • Museums • Libraries

  7. Changes in the Arts Romanticism (early 1800s) Realism (mid- 1800s) Reaction to Romanticism Emphasizes details of everyday life (often unpleasant) Characteristics Focus on lower classes Seamy/corrupt side of urban life Social inequalities in life Artists Charles Dickens (novelist) Leo Tolstoy (novelist) Ashcan School (artists - U.S.) • Reaction to Enlightenment • Emphasizes emotion and feeling • Characteristics • Respect of nature • Value of the individual • Importance of imagination • Artists • Wm. Wordsworth (poet) • Ralph Waldo Emerson (writer) • Beethoven (composer)

  8. Examples of Art, 1800s Romanticism Realism

  9. Impressionism Last half of 19th Century • Began in France as “revolt” against accepted standards of painting • Emphasizes use of light, vivid color, and sense of motion • Characteristics • Outdoor settings • Light, weather, & atmosphere (impression rather than realistic look) • Visible brushstrokes • Artists • Renoir, Monet, Sisley (painters) • Claude Debussy (composer)

  10. Examples of Impressionism

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