El condicional segundo

1. El condicionalsegundo • Si + imp subj + conditional

2. El pluscuamperfecto

3. El perfecto condicional

4. Imperfect subjunctive = If I were very rich, I would travel the world Si fueramuyrico, viajaríaportodo el mundo Pluperfect subjunctive Conditional perfect • If I had known about the problems in Spain, I would not have come here. • Si hubierasabidolos problemas en España, no habríavenidoaqui.

5. Give the six forms of the Pluperfect subjunctive of haber (I, you, he, we, you, they) [6] • Give the past participle of saber, venirand llegar. [3] • Put this in the pluperfect subjunctive – If The immigrants had come to Spain [10] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Give the six forms of the conditional form of haber(I, you, he, we, you, they) [6] • Give the past participle of hacer, escribir and pasar. [5] • Put this in the conditional perfect – they would have created more jobs. [10] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Translate this into English: “Si los inmigrantespolacos no hubieranllegado en Gran Bretaña, no habríamostenidotalproblema de inmigración.” [15] • Translate into Spanish: “The United States economy would not have survived if the immigrants had not done all the ‘dirty work’” (trabajossucios) [15]

6. El subjuntivo – doubt • Expressing doubt or negative opinions using the subjunctive. • TRIGGERS: • dudarque -- to doubt thatesdudosoque -- it is doubtful that es improbable que -- it's unlikely that esinciertoque -- it's uncertain that esposibleque -- it's possible that no creerque-- not to believe that esincreíbleque -- it's incredible thatno esciertoque -- it's not certain thatno esverdadque -- it's not true thatesinciertoque -- it's untrue thatesmentiraque -- it's a lie thatno estarconvencido de que -- to not be convinced that no estarseguro de que -- to not be sure that no parecerque -- to not seem thatno pensarque -- to not think that no suponerque -- to not suppose that puedeserque -- it may be thatnegarque -- to deny that no imaginarseque -- to not imagine thattemerque -- to suspect that

7. Formation • 1st person singular of present tense – e.g. hago • Drop the ending – hag- • Add a, as, a, amos, áis, an for ER/IR verbs • Add e, es, e, emos, éis, en for AR verbs • Hag0 -> haga • Hablo -> hable

8. Irregulars Not many irregulars, most subjunctives are easy to spot, but some are irregular from stem: • Ser – • Ir – • Haber – • Saber –

9. Irregulars Not many irregulars, most subjunctives are easy to spot, but some are irregular from stem: • Ser – sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean • Ir – vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan • Haber – haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan • Saber – sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan

10. Irregulars – some weird ones

11. Irregulars – some weird ones

12. Buscar? • Pagar? • Lanzar? • Estar? • Dar?

14. Put the correct verb in… • Dudoque los inmigrantes __________ (venir) a la UE para el empleo. • Esdudosoque el gobierno __________ (hacer) algopara resolver el problema • Esinnegableque los ciudadanos de la UE ___________ (querer) un cambio de politica. • Temoque los inmigrantes___________ (caer) en el mar mediteraneo. • No creoque la inmigración ________ (ser) unabuenacosa.

15. Irregulars • Ser – sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean • Ir – vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan • Haber – haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan • Saber – sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan Subjunctive- doubt • Expressing doubt or negative opinions using the subjunctive. • TRIGGERS: • dudarque -- to doubt thatesdudosoque -- it is doubtful that es improbable que -- it's unlikely that esinciertoque -- it's uncertain that esposibleque -- it's possible that no creerque-- not to believe that esincreíbleque -- it's incredible thatno esciertoque -- it's not certain thatno esverdadque -- it's not true thatesinciertoque -- it's untrue thatesmentiraque -- it's a lie thatno estarconvencido de que -- to not be convinced thatno estarseguro de que -- to not be sure that no parecerque -- to not seem thatno pensarque -- to not think that no suponerque -- to not suppose that puedeserque -- it may be thatnegarque -- to deny that no imaginarseque -- to not imagine thattemerque -- to suspect that Formation • 1st person singular of present tense – e.g. hago • Drop the ending – hag- • Add a, as, a, amos, áis, an for ER/IR verbs • Add e, es, e, emos, éis, en for AR verbs • Hag0 -> haga • Hablo -> hable

16. El imperativo • Is a command – e.g. escuchad! (listen!) • Is used for commands, and imperative ideas.

17. Formation • Depends on who you are speaking to, if you are speaking to “usted”, use the subjunctive, eg. Escuche, por favor. • If you are speaking to one person in the “tu” form, you take the normal “tu” form, taking off the ‘s’ – e,g. hablas -> habla

18. Formation • If you are speaking to more than one person – use the “vosotros” form. To form it, you take off the ‘r’ from the infinitive and add a ‘d’ – escuchar-> escucha -> escuchad • If you are using a negative command, you put it into the subjunctive – no hables!

19. Formation • Reflexives – if using a reflexive verb, you tack it on to the end of the ‘tu’ form – levantate • Reflexives – for the vosotros form, take off the ‘d’ and add ‘os’ – levantaos, or ‘nos’ - vamonos

20. Irregulars - tu

21. Escribid • escribe 5 politicasusando el imperativoparaque el gobiernointegrenuevosinmigranteslatinoamericanos en el pais.

22. Rules for integration • Offer fair working rights – ofrecederechoslaboralesjustos / iguales • Put on language classes – ponclases de lengua • Change the perception of immigrants – cambia la percepción de inmigrantes • Teach the natives and immigrants about both cultures – enseña a los nativos y inmigrantes de ambasculturas • Encourage multicultural communities – fomenta / anima lascomunidadesmulticulturales.

23. IMPERATIVE Is a command – e.g. escuchad! (listen!) Is used for commands, and imperative ideas. IRREGULARS (TU FORM)------------------------------------- FORMATION: Depends on who you are speaking to, if you are speaking to “usted”, use the subjunctive, eg. Escuche, por favor. If you are speaking to one person in the “tu” form, you take the normal “tu” form, taking off the ‘s’ – e,g. hablas -> habla If you are speaking to more than one person – use the “vosotros” form. To form it, you take off the ‘r’ from the infinitive and add a ‘d’ – escuchar-> escucha -> escuchad If you are using a negative command, you put it into the subjunctive – no hables! Reflexives – if using a reflexive verb, you tack it on to the end of the ‘tu’ form – levantate Reflexives – for the vosotros form, take off the ‘d’ and add ‘os’ – levantaos, or ‘nos’ - vamonos

24. Objetivo: Hablar de convivencia de culturas. Hablardelsubjuntivo de posibilidad

25. Deberes Read and prepare the exercise on P44-45: ex 1 and 2 prepare the texts for Tuesday 13th November, and read through the expressions on integracion, understand their meaning and how you could use them in a debate. Sheet on aislamiento o integración – read and prepare for a discussion next time, bring thoughts on your point of view.

26. Possibility, probability and necessity • Esposibleque • Es probable que • Esnecesarioque

27. All need ‘que’ to make subjunctive – these are common triggers

28. Practica • Es probable que los inmigrantes _________ (poder) serintegrados. • Esposibleque el gobierno (hacer) __________ algopara resolver el problema con la integracion. • Necesitaque los inmigrantes (ser) ____________ integrados. • Esnecesarioque los inmigrantes (contribuir) ___________ al proceso de la inmigracion.

29. Ved • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x14OlebWSCQ

30. All need ‘que’ to make subjunctive – these are common triggers