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Alkanes

Alkanes. Principle reaction type: free radical substitution Mechanism: (chain reaction) substitution. Free radical substitution. chlorination of methane. i.e. homolytic breaking of covalent bonds. Overall reaction equation. CH 4 + Cl 2. CH 3 Cl + HCl. Conditions.

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Alkanes

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  1. Alkanes Principle reaction type: free radical substitution Mechanism: (chain reaction) substitution

  2. Free radical substitution chlorination of methane i.e. homolytic breaking of covalent bonds Overall reaction equation CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl Conditions ultra violet light excess methane to reduce further substitution

  3. Free radical substitution mechanism Cl Cl Cl Cl H Cl H3C H3C H3C H3C Cl Cl Cl H3C H Cl Cl H3C Cl H3CCl H3CCH3 CH3 ultra-violet initiation step two propagation steps termination step minor termination step

  4. Further free radical substitutions Overall reaction equations CH3Cl + Cl2 CH2Cl2 + HCl CH2Cl2 + Cl2 CHCl3 + HCl CHCl3 + Cl2 CCl4 + HCl Conditions ultra-violet light excess chlorine

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