Presentation 15 SOAP on the Microsoft Platform (.NET)

1. Presentation 15 SOAP on the Microsoft Platform (.NET)

2. Outline • You have already been introduced to SOAP, WSDL & UDDI on the JAVA platform using AXIS • Now we will take a look at the MS . NET platforms SOAP capabilities • Luckily – SOAP & WSDL are well standardized – so we do not need to look at these again • Instead we will: • Show the counterpart of the AXIS project in .NET - IIS • Show the alternatives to JAVA development – using the tools from .NET framework & Microsoft Visual Studio .NET

3. Apache Tomcat vs. Microsoft Internet Information Server • Apache Tomcat with AXIS & J2SE Java SDK • Works on: • Windows, UNIX, LINUX • Open source Can be compiled to any platform (with some work) • Server listening for events: • HTTP on port 80 (test http 8080 at startup) • Executes Servlets/JSP and JavaBeans • AXIS is an embedded project within the Tomcat environment but works with most J2EE compliant AS • Microsoft Internet Information Server with the .NET Framework SDK (ASP.NET) • Works on: • Only Windows platforms (Windows NT, 2000, XP) • Server listening for events: • HTTP on port 80 (optional) • Executes Web resources – ASP.NET, Web services, Web forms (resulting in client side HTML ), .NET code • Tightly integrated with the Visual Studio .NET – for easy deployment & debugging Common code base – but only MS! Web Server MS Internet Information Server & the .NET Framework SDK (ASP.NET) (vs. Apache Tomcat, with AXIS & J2SE SDK) SOAP Client Java, C++, C#, Delphi, VB Application Web Forms C++ unman. SOAP over HTTP Web Service Managed code

4. Web service enabling Windows • You need to: • Install .NET Framework SDK • Download from Microsoft (130 MB) • Comes standard with Visual Studio 2003 / 2005 • Install Internet Information Server • Enabled via the Control Panel • Remember to shut down after using!!! • Visual Studio .NET • Already installed (versions 7,7.1, 8 and 9) • More detailed instructions will follow for the LAB exercise

5. Not a Windows .NET course • You will NOT be required to be an expert on .NET • You will be required to be knowledgeable about it • History: • Open source, Java, Linux the WWW threatened MS • Especially Java was gaining widespread support amongst developers for its ease of use, productivity and heterogeneity • The Empire Strikes back = the .NET Framework

6. Benefits of .NET • Changes EVERYTHING • Takes all that was nice in Java and enhances it • End of DLL incompatibilities, DLL Hell, COM registry hell • Enter world of VM’s and Java like code (C#) including Garbage collection – BUT with easy support for legacy unmanaged code (e.g. C++ for speed) and COM • Performs much better than Java, and almost equivalent with Win32 C++ applications • Still only support Microsoft operating systems BUT • .NET and C# is ECMA standard: Mono (www.go-mono.org) for Linux is being developed • IIOP.NET (http://iiop-net.sourceforge.net/index.html) for CORBA interop

7. Message Queuing COM+ (Transactions, Partitions, Object Pooling) IIS WMI The .NET Framework Components Any language conforming to the Common Language Specification (CLS) may be used. 3 types of user interfaces: Web forms, Windows forms (Win32), Command Console Visual Basic C++ C# Perl JScript … XML Web Services User Interface ActiveX Data Objects For inter-process communications ADO.NET and XML CLR:runtime execution environment. Equlas JVM of Java. Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) equals Java ByteCode Here we find the .NET Remoting libraries A collection of class libraries (over 9000) wraps Win32 like Java API .NET Framework Class Library Common Language Runtime Application services. E.g. IIS, Message Queuing etc. Win32 .NET Framework Other IL libraries JIT-compiler only runs first time! Source code Intermediate Language Linked Program Executable Program Compiler Linker JIT-compiler

8. Multiple Language Support • The .NET Framework is designed to support many languages • More than 20 languages currently supported • Microsoft provides Visual Basic .NET, C#, Visual J# .NET, and JScript .NET (backwards compatible with JScript) – others: Delphi (object pascal) • Benefits of multiple-language support • Code modules are reusable • API access is the same for all languages • The right language is used for the right task • Performance is roughly equal between all languages (which was not the case in ASP)

9. The Common Language Runtime • One runtime for all . NET-Based Languages • Manages threads and memory • Garbage collection • Enforces code security • Eliminates DLL versioning problems • Multiple versions of a DLL can run simultaneously • Applications can specify a version of a DLL to use • Reminds one of the Java Virtual Machine

10. Ressources for learning more • Feel free to learn more about ASP.NET: • Getting started with the .NET framework • http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/cpguide/html/cpcongettingstartedwithnetframework.asp • Link can be found at the course site • Books on the subject • Beginning .NET Web Services using C# by Joseph Bustos and Karli Watsom (WROK forlag) • More will be listed on the course site • Other relevant courses at IHA: • Windows programming (WIN1) • Komponent baseret udvikling (KPU1)

11. Making the HelloWorld application • Using Notepad ! • Using Microsoft Visual Studio .NET • First: • Install .NET Framework • Install IIS • Then: • Produce code • Manually for Notepad • Wizard for Visual Studio • Deploy in the IIS folder • \inetpub\wwwroot\ • As an .asmx file • Test the Web service • Using the build-in functionality • Write the Client – and all is well

12. C# Notepad HelloWorld WebService processing directivefor the ASP.NET environment, e.g. class & language info Name(missing): identifies localname of service Namespace: the default namespace for the service Description: a purely descriptive text information WebMethodAttribute: indicates that the following method is to be exposed as a Web Service method (only public methods are allowed of course). Allowed properties: -BufferResponse, CacheDuration, Description, EnableSession, MessageName, TransactionOption WebServiceAttribute, for configuration “behind the scenes” programming MUCH LIKE JWS DEPLOYMENT! Finally: simply store it i web folder

13. Using Visual Studio (managed C++) Wizards Available: for Managed C++ (see below example VB and C# Code-behind: generates .asmx file and code behind (e.g. .cpp in C++ or .cs in C#)

14. Deploy & Test – access via browser IIS test : supports viewing WSDL & code testing via browser WSDL: using ?WSDL SOAP request & test: small test program generated

15. Developing the Client application • Support for using Web services in a Visual Studio application • Stubs are automatically compiled by Visual Studio using the “Add Web Reference” function OR • You may simply use command line tools Command line usage: wsdl "http://localhost/hello.asmx" /out:hello.cs This will produce the hello.cs file which must be compiled as a DLL (using the C# .NET SDK compiler) csc hello.cs /t:library /out:hello.dll /r:System.Web.Service.dll /r:System.Xml.dll See example at: http://www.csharpfriends.com/Articles/getArticle.aspx?articleID=35

16. New Application & Add Web Reference Add Web Reference: Visual Studio support for generating a proxy using WSDL document

17. Discover & bind the Web service Add Web Reference: Just enter the Web service endpoint address

18. Visual Studio produces a Proxy DLL Performed by Visual Studio tool: a DLL is generated (Web Service Proxy Generator), and a header file and a WSDL support document is made available

19. Proxy class DLL • DLL is generated by Visual Studio • The generated Proxy class derives from System.Web.Service.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol • It contains the following properties • ClientCertificates allows clients to pass Authenticode X.509 v.3 certificates • CookieContainer for handling state • Credentials for authentication purposes • PreAuthenticate saves the roundtrip by sending credentials first • Proxy use this property if you need to pass a proxy • Timeout default 100.000 milisseconds – may be set for infinite • Url from the location attribut of the service used

20. The Proxy code generated by the WSDL Proxy generator using System.Diagnostics; using System.Xml.Serialization; using System; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Web.Services; /// <remarks/> [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()] [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")] [System.Web.Services.WebServiceBindingAttribute(Name="HelloWorldSoap", Namespace="http://www.wagner.dk/webservices")] public class HelloWorld : System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapHttpClientProtocol { public HelloWorld() { this.Url = "http://192.168.1.100/hello.asmx"; } [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://www.wagner.dk/webservices/Hello", RequestNamespace="http://www.wagner.dk/webservices", ResponseNamespace="http://www.wagner.dk/webservices", Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)] public string Hello(string myName) { object[] results = this.Invoke("Hello", new object[] { myName}); return ((string)(results[0])); } public System.IAsyncResult BeginHello(string myName, System.AsyncCallback callback, object asyncState) { return this.BeginInvoke("Hello", new object[] { myName}, callback, asyncState); } public string EndHello(System.IAsyncResult asyncResult) { object[] results = this.EndInvoke(asyncResult); return ((string)(results[0])); } }

21. Write the C++ code

22. Try it out Not that much fun with command line … lets make a proper Windows solution

23. Piece of Cake – Now C# Simple C# Windows Form Application:No point in producing another command line app Add Web Reference: Again we use the Web service endpoint address with the “Add Web Reference” feature We add a button, a text field and a label. Clicking the button gives access to the event handler “OnClick” of the button

24. C# - coding the connection Using the Proxy DLL: We recognize the connection between the WSDL, the DLL and the C# client code

25. Heterogeneous system C# to Java C# to Java Lets change it to our Axis Web service // Hello World.Java public class HelloWorld { public HelloWorld() { } public String getHelloWorldMessage(String name) { return "Hello World to "+name; } } private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { localhost.HelloWorldService hello = new localhost.HelloWorldService(); textBox1.Text = hello.getHelloWorldMessage("Stefan"); } Proxy DLL stub generated by VS Proxy skeleton class generated by AXIS Add Web Reference: We need to generate a new Proxy DLL Proxy: if we are not using .JWS deployment, we need to generate the skeleton classes in AXIS as well Other way around: and of course it also works the other way around

26. Try it with C++ • WARNING: In VS7 there seems to be a bug! • Problem with port 8080 • Need to manually paste the WSDL file and compile the proxy stub DLL • This works fine in C# • No problem in VS7.1 • Not tested with VS 8.0 / 9.0

27. NOT ONLY .NET • You may use legacy C++ with ATL to create non .NET Web services & clients • Producing a server: • http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vccore/html/vcconatlserverprovidingwebservices.asp • Producing a client: • http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/vccore/html/vcconATLServerCreatingWebServiceClients.asp

28. Not Only VS IDE Support – Java as Well IDE backed by SUN (free): Netbeans – has WS support

30. Ohter Java IDE’s with WS support • Netbeans (SUN backed, free) • Eclipse(IBM backed, free) • JDeveloper (Oracle tool, free) • JBuilder (Borland, commercial) • IntelliJ-Idea (IntelliJ, commercial) • Others?